That’s a tasty chocolate bar you’re munching on there, Neil.
那是你正在咀嚼的美味巧克力棒，尼尔。
Neil(尼尔)
Tasty but maybe not healthy.
好吃，但可能不健康。
Sam(山姆)
But at least on the wrapper there’s a label to tell you about its sugar, fat and calorie content.
但至少在包装纸上有一个标签，告诉你它的糖、脂肪和卡路里含量。
Neil(尼尔)
Yes, the little coloured guide on the wrapper allows consumers to compare the healthiness of different things.
是的，包装纸上的彩色小指南可以让消费者比较不同事物的健康程度。
Sam(山姆)
Well, in this programme we’ll be looking at an idea to add a label showing the carbon footprint of a product, and talking about some vocabulary used around this subject.
By carbon footprint we mean how much carbon is used through the activities of a person, company or country. This new system sounds like a good idea, Sam.
我们所说的碳足迹是指通过个人、公司或国家的活动使用了多少碳。这个新系统听起来是个好主意，山姆。
Sam(山姆)
Yes – but as normal, we still have a question for you to answer first. I think we all agree we want to reduce our carbon footprint somehow – but according to the Centre for Research into Energy Demand Solutions, how many tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person annually could be reduced by living car-free? Is it… a) Around 1 tonne; b) Around 2 tonnes, or c) Around 3 tonnes?
I’m sure living without a car would reduce CO2, so I’ll say c) around 3 tonnes.
我敢肯定，没有汽车的生活会减少二氧化碳，所以我会说 c） 大约 3 吨。
Sam(山姆)
OK, Neil, we’ll find out if that’s right at the end of the programme. But let’s talk more about carbon labelling. Listing the carbon dioxide emissions of a product on the packaging may encourage us to make greener choices.
It’s not a new idea but it’s something that’s never caught on – become popular or fashionable.
这不是一个新想法，但它从未流行起来 —— 变得流行或时尚。
Sam(山姆)
Until now. The idea now seems to have returned, and it’s something the BBC World Service programme The Climate Question has been looking into. They’ve been speaking to business leaders about adding labelling to their products.
Such as Marc Engel, Chief Supply Chain Officer at Unilever. Let’s hear why he thinks the idea is growing in popularity…
比如联合利华首席供应链官马克·恩格尔。让我们听听为什么他认为这个想法越来越受欢迎......
Marc Engel, Chief Supply Chain Officer, Unilever(Marc Engel，联合利华首席供应链官)
What we are seeing is Generation Z and Millennials, are much much more willing to make choices, informed choices, about responsible products and brands, so that's also why we're also doing it. At the end of the day, we're doing it because we believe that this is what consumers will ask from business - this is not something that we made up ourselves.
So, in this case, it seems it’s people buying Unilever products who are driving this change – particularly younger people from Gen Z. So people born towards the th st end of the 20 Century or the beginning of the 21 Century, or slightly older Millennials.
因此，在这种情况下，似乎是购买联合利华产品的人推动了这一变化 —— 尤其是 Z 世代的年轻人。因此，出生于 20 世纪末或 21 世纪初的人，或者年龄稍大的千禧一代。
Neil(尼尔)
They want to make ‘informed choices’ about what they buy – so, making decisions based on good and accurate information. Carbon labelling is part of that information.
And Marc Engel mentioned consumers wanting to buy ‘responsible’ products or brands. Here, that means ‘trusted’ or ‘reliable’ with less environmental impact.
That all makes sense, and it’s why Unilever recently announced it’s committed to putting carbon footprint information on 70,000 products. The Climate Question programme also spoke to Dr Zaina Gadema-Cooke – an expert in supply chain management at Northumbria University. What does she call measuring a product’s carbon footprint?
Dr Zaina Gadema-Cooke, Northumbria University(Zaina Gadema-Cooke博士，诺森比亚大学)
The problem with footprinting is it's almost impossible to include the consumption stage associated with the consumer because we all deal with the products that we purchase and dispose of differently. So, it's very difficult to include that - so ‘farm-to-fork’ calculations tend to really be ‘farm-to-retail- shelf’ calculations of carbon footprint loadings.
So, Dr Zaina Gadema-Cooke describes the measurement of a product’s carbon footprint as ‘footprinting’. And this, she says, is difficult to measure because we don’t know what people do with the stuff after they have bought it.
Yes, so for example a carbon label might show an estimate of the carbon footprint of milk from the cow to the consumer – what Dr Zaina Gadema-Cooke calls ‘farm to fork’ – but after it leaves the supermarket shelf, we don’t know how efficiently it is stored, how much is wasted and what happens to the packaging.
It’s all food for thought – something to think seriously about.
这都是值得深思的 —— 值得认真思考的事情。
Neil(尼尔)
And, Sam, what did you think about my answer to your question earlier?
山姆，你觉得我刚才对你问题的回答怎么样？
Sam(山姆)
Ah yes, I asked you - according to the Centre for Research into Energy Demand Solutions, how many tonnes of CO2 equivalent per person annually could be reduced by living car-free?
Which was actually, a bit too much. Research found living car-free reduces a person’s annual CO2 production by an average of 2.04 tonnes.
这实际上有点过分了。研究发现，无车生活可使一个人每年平均减少 2.04 吨的二氧化碳排放量。
Neil(尼尔)
Anyway, let’s briefly recap some of the vocabulary we’ve mentioned today.
无论如何，让我们简要回顾一下我们今天提到的一些词汇。
Sam(山姆)
Yes, we’ve been talking about measuring our carbon footprint - that’s how much carbon is used through the activities of a person, company or country.
是的，我们一直在谈论衡量我们的碳足迹 —— 即通过个人、公司或国家的活动使用了多少碳。
Neil(尼尔)
And foot printing is an informal way of saying measuring the carbon footprint of something.
脚印是一种非正式的说法，用于测量某物的碳足迹。
Sam(山姆)
When something has caught on it means it has become popular or fashionable.
当某样东西流行起来时，就意味着它已经流行或时尚。
And, making informed choices means making decisions based on good and(而且，做出明智的选择意味着根据良好和)
accurate information.
准确的信息。
Neil(尼尔)
Buying something that is responsible means that it is trusted or reliable. And, the phrase from farm to fork describes the processes involved from agricultural production to consumption.
/1 
