如何理解these trousers

应该如何理解these trousers呢？是指这些裤子，还是这条裤子？许多学生对此没有把握。笔者通过查阅有关资料，并进行归纳和整理，发现these trousers (以及类似的those trousers)主要有以下用法。

一、理解为“这条裤”“那条裤”。如：

These trousers are two inches too long. 这条裤子长出两英寸。

Do you want these trousers or those? 你要这条裤子，还是那条?

I must change these trousers—they’ve got oil on them. 我必须换条裤子——这上面弄有油了。

Those trousers are dirty—you’d better wear your other pair. 这条裤子脏了——你最好穿另一条。

I need some new shoes to go with these trousers. 我需要双新鞋来配这条裤子。

二、理解为“这种裤”“那种裤”。如：

These trousers cost ￡30 a pair. 这种裤子30英镑一条。

I don’t like these trousers—they get dirty easily. 我不喜欢这种裤子，太容易脏了。

三、理解为“这些裤”“那些裤”。如：

All these trousers are too short for me now. I must get some new ones. 这些裤子我穿都太短了，我得买几条新的了。

These trousers are not for me, but for my brothers. 这些几条裤子不是给我的，而是给我的兄弟的。

顺便说一句，与these (those) trousers情形相似的还有these (those) shoes，如：

1. 理解为“这些鞋”“那些鞋”。如：

These shoes are a new product. 这些鞋是一种新产品。

These shoes are worn out. They have lasted a long time. 这些鞋子已穿破了。已穿了很长时间了。

Those shoes are too small. We must buy some new ones. 那些鞋太小了，我们得买几双新的。

2. 理解为“这双鞋”“那双鞋”。如：

These shoes were specially made for me. 这双鞋是专门为我制作的。

“I’d like to try on those shoes.” “Which ones?” “The ones at the front of the window.”“我想试试那双鞋子。”“哪双? ”“厨窗里前边的那一双。”

I don’t like those shoes；besides, they’re too expensive. 那双鞋我不喜欢。而且也太贵。

3. 理解为“这种鞋”“那种鞋”。如：

These shoes lace easily. 这种鞋的鞋带很好系。

These shoes will last. 这种鞋经久耐穿。

These shoes are made of quality leather. 这种鞋是用高级皮革制成的。

These shoes fire specially designed for heavy gunners like yourself. 这种鞋子是专门为像你这样走路很多的人设计的。