顶住美国压力 G20约堡峰会通过联合宣言

二十国集团（G20）领导人第二十次峰会22日在南非约翰内斯堡开幕。南非国际关系与合作部长罗纳德·拉莫拉在当天下午召开的记者发布会上表示，与会各方已就会议核心议程达成共识，并通过《二十国集团领导人约翰内斯堡峰会宣言》。

World leaders at the 20th Group of 20 (G20) Summit reached broad consensus on disaster resilience, debt sustainability, just energy transitions and critical minerals as they adopted the G20 South Africa Summit's Leaders' Declaration on Saturday.

The announcement of the declaration's adoption was made at the opening of the summit, the first ever held in Africa. The two-day gathering is being held in Johannesburg under the theme "Solidarity, Equality and Sustainability."

此次峰会前夕，美国总统特朗普抛出所谓“白人农民在南非正遭遇种族灭绝”论调，以此为由抵制峰会并宣布缺席，同时施压南非不得在未经美方同意下“以二十国集团共识为前提发表任何峰会成果文件”。这番厚颜无耻的言论遭到南非强硬回击。南非政府表示，美方已因抵制峰会而失去“发言”资格，南非不会屈服于美方胁迫。

The summit has been overshadowed by the US boycott ordered by President Trump, and the US had put pressure on South Africa not to adopt a leaders' declaration in the absence of an American delegation, South African officials said.

峰会宣言共包含122条内容，强调通过多边合作应对全球挑战，并呼吁加强对发展中国家的支持，以推动包容性增长与可持续发展。

The 122-point declaration urged more global action on issues that specifically affect poor countries, like climate-related disasters and sovereign debt levels.

南非总统发言人文森特·马格韦尼亚当天在接受新华社记者采访时表示，宣言的顺利通过表明各国正以实际行动加强协作、支持多边主义。他强调，世界是休戚与共的大家庭，任何国家在追求发展目标的进程中都不可能独行。此次峰会也再次彰显了多边主义的重要性。

美国是下一任G20轮值主席国。此前据媒体报道，美方计划仅派驻南非大使馆临时代办出席轮值主席国交接仪式，遭到南非政府拒绝。马格韦尼亚表示，这一安排对于南非来说“不可接受”。

The only role the US will play at this summit, the White House said, will be when a representative from the United States Embassy in South Africa attends the formal handover ceremony at the end to accept the G20 presidency.

在被问及与美国的轮值主席国交接安排时，拉莫拉指出，鉴于美方未按外交惯例派出相应级别代表参会，南非不会在峰会现场举行轮值主席国交接仪式。他强调，美国作为G20成员，理应由国家元首或部长级官员参加峰会。

South Africa said it's an insult for President Cyril Ramaphosa to hand over to what it considers to be a junior diplomatic official.

"We have communicated to the American government that the president will not be handing over to a junior official of the embassy," South African Foreign Ministry spokesperson Chrispin Phiri said. "And so, as a result, we don't anticipate that there'll be any form of handover here (at the summit)."

拉莫拉表示，南非始终秉持开放与友好态度，愿与美方继续保持合作。交接仪式将于峰会结束后在南非国际关系与合作部举行，也可在美方提出请求后，于南非境内其他适当地点进行。

二十国集团领导人第二十次峰会宣言获压倒性通过

当地时间11月22日，南非总统拉马福萨宣布，二十国集团（G20）领导人第二十次峰会宣言已获绝大多数成员国通过。



拉马福萨表示，尽管美国方面持反对立场，但宣言的通过彰显了二十国集团成员在应对共同挑战、推动团结合作方面的坚定决心。

宣言要点包括：

气候行动：认识到应对气候变化的紧迫性，支持将全球可再生能源装机容量提升三倍的努力。

The leaders support efforts to triple global renewable capacity and double energy-efficiency improvements by 2030, and emphasized the urgency of mobilizing scaled-up investment and facilitating low-cost financing for developing countries in line with national circumstances.

债务议题：承诺强化债务处理机制落实，缓解发展中国家高债务压力。

包容性增长：强调推动广泛发展、提升产业附加值以及公平获取关键矿产资源。

The declaration stresses that mineral resources should serve as "a catalyst for value-addition and broad-based development, rather than just raw material exports," affirming the right of producing countries to harness their endowments for inclusive growth.

多边合作：重申坚持多边主义，呼吁各国携手应对共同全球挑战。

来源：新华社 央视新闻 观察者网 路透社 美联社