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希拉里与盖茨获提名领导国家安全团队

发布者: chrislau2001 | 发布时间: 2008-12-2 15:56| 查看数: 1857| 评论数: 2|

Obama Picks Clinton, Gates to Lead National Security Team

CHICAGO -- President-elect Barack Obama, unveiling his national security team, said he will use the 'power of our moral example' in making a clean break from Bush administration policies on Iraq, Afghanistan and overseas diplomacy.

Mr. Obama gave pride of place on stage here to his former political rival, Sen. Hillary Clinton, whom he is nominating as secretary of state, and Defense Secretary Robert Gates, who will stay in his post.

Speaking to reporters, Mr. Obama said he would devote new energy to diplomacy and other nonmilitary aspects of U.S. global power.

'The national security challenges we face are just as grave and just as urgent as our economic crisis,' he said. 'To succeed, we must pursue a new strategy that skillfully uses, balances, and integrates all elements of American power: our military and diplomacy; our intelligence and law enforcement; our economy and the power of our moral example.' (See the full text of Obama's remarks.)

Sen. Clinton, appearing somber, echoed the theme, saying U.S. interests 'cannot be protected and advanced by force alone.' Retired Marine Gen. James Jones, who was named national security adviser, stressed that the U.S. would need to use 'all elements of our national power and influence.'

The comments reflect Mr. Obama's belief that the Bush administration's handling of Iraq and Afghanistan suffered from an overreliance on the military and a failure to devote enough resources to political reconciliation and economic development.

A senior Obama aide said the incoming administration will create teams of diplomats and other civilian government officials who can be quickly deployed overseas after natural disasters or political upheavals to help fragile countries get back on their feet.

The aide declined to say whether the new spending would be offset by cuts in defense spending, which has increased significantly under President George W. Bush. Many Democratic lawmakers have begun arguing that the economic crisis and the skyrocketing federal budget deficit will force reductions in the Pentagon's budget, and senior military officials expect their funding to fall significantly.

Other members of the administration introduced Monday were Arizona Gov. Janet Napolitano, nominated to head the Department of Homeland Security; former Justice Department official Eric Holder, nominated for attorney general; and campaign adviser Susan Rice, who was tapped as ambassador to the United Nations.

The new cabinet includes several officials, notably Sen. Clinton and Mr. Gates, who have criticized some of Mr. Obama's positions on Iraq and other issues. Mr. Gates has argued against a firm timetable for a withdrawal from Iraq, while Sen. Clinton questioned Mr. Obama's stated willingness to negotiate with Iran.

Mr. Gates, who had often said he looked forward to leaving Washington with the rest of the Bush administration, said he felt an obligation to stay on at Mr. Obama's request. 'I must do my duty as they do theirs,' Mr. Gates said, speaking of U.S. military personnel.

Sen. Clinton, whose nomination was cleared once former President Bill Clinton agreed to publicly disclose all donors to his foundation, said she was swayed by a realization of the 'daunting tasks ahead for our country.'

'America cannot solve these crises without the world and the world cannot solve them without America,' she said.

Mr. Obama laughed off a question reminding him of disparaging remarks his supporters made about Sen. Clinton during the heated battle for the Democratic presidential nomination. He said their disagreements were magnified and he wants 'vigorous debate' in his administration.

'One of the dangers in a White House is that you get wrapped up in group think and everybody agrees with everything and there's no discussion and there are no dissenting views,' he said, adding that 'the buck will stop with me.'

Mr. Obama has spoken respectfully of President George W. Bush since the election, but he made clear that his policies will differ sharply.

Mr. Bush, for example, has consistently described Iraq as the central front in the war on terror. His administration has devoted most American military muscle and financial resources to the war in Iraq, leading Adm. Mike Mullen, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, to refer to the Afghan war as an 'economy of force mission.'

Mr. Obama said he would shift resources to Afghanistan, and described South Asia as the biggest danger to the U.S. 'The safe havens for terrorists that have been established there represent the single most important threat against the American people,' he said.

Mr. Obama also reiterated a campaign promise to order Mr. Gates and the Joint Chiefs of Staff to begin withdrawing American combat forces from Iraq, with the goal of having all of them out of the country by the middle of 2010. He promised to listen to the advice of his senior commanders, some of whom are privately wary about so quick a withdrawal, but said his commitment to a drawing down of forces remained intact.

'I believe that 16 months is the right time frame,' he said, adding that the American-led war in Iraq was entering a 'transition period in which our mission will be changing.'

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chrislau2001 发表于 2008-12-2 15:57:18


国当选总统奥巴马(Barack Obama)周一宣布了他的国家安全团队成员。他表示,将使用“我们道德榜样的力量”,彻底告别布什政府在伊拉克、阿富汗和外交方面的政策。



Reuters

希拉里在获提名后向媒体发表讲话



奥巴马宣布提名前竞选对手、参议员希拉里•克林顿(Hillary Clinton)为国务卿,提名现国防部长盖茨(Robert Gates)留任。

奥巴马对记者们表示,他将在构成美国全球实力的外交和其他非军事方面投入更多精力。

奥巴马说,我们面临的国家安全挑战和我们的经济危机一样严重和紧迫。为了取得成功,我们必须推行一种新战略,巧妙地使用、平衡和整合美国力量的所有要素:我们的军事和外交、我们的情报和执法、我们的经济和我们道德榜样的力量。

表情严肃的希拉里参议员赞同这一观点。她表示,美国利益不能单靠军事力量来保护和推进。被任命为国家安全顾问的退役海军陆战队上将詹姆斯•琼斯(James Jones)强调,美国需要使用“我们国家力量和影响力的所有要素”。

此番讲话反映出奥巴马认为布什政府在处理伊拉克和阿富汗问题上过度依赖军事力量,没有在政治调解和经济发展上投入足够资源。

奥巴马一位高级助手表示,新政府将组建由外交官和其他政府文官组成的团队,可以在国外自然灾害或政治动荡发生后迅速部署到这些地区,协助局势不稳的国家恢复正常。

这名助手拒绝透露奥巴马政府是否会削减国防开支以抵消这些新支出,美国国防开支在布什总统任期内大幅增加。许多民主党议员已经开始呼吁,鉴于发生了经济危机和联邦预算赤字急剧增加,五角大楼有必要削减预算;高级军事将领也预计他们得到的资金将大幅下降。

奥巴马周一宣布的政府其他成员还包括:亚利桑那州州长纳波利塔诺(Janet Napolitano)获提名出任国土安全部长,前司法部官员霍德(Eric Holder)将出任司法部长,奥巴马竞选顾问苏珊•赖斯(Susan Rice)将任美国驻联合国大使。

新政府中有几名官员曾经批评过奥巴马在伊拉克和其他问题上的立场,其中最引人注目的是希拉里和盖茨。盖茨曾反对为伊拉克撤军设定严格时间表,希拉里则曾质疑奥巴马宣称愿意和伊朗谈判的立场。

盖茨过去常说,他希望随着布什政府一起离职。但他现在表示,在奥巴马请求下,他感到了留任的义务。盖茨谈到美国军人时表示,我必须像他们一样忠于职守。

希拉里表示,促使她改变犹豫态度的原因是,她意识到美国面临艰巨任务。前总统克林顿(Bill Clinton)此前同意公开披露自己基金会所有捐助人信息,从而为希拉里获国务卿提名铺平了道路。

希拉里表示,美国不能脱离世界单独解决这些危机,世界没有美国也无法解决这些危机。

有记者提到奥巴马支持者在民主党总统候选人激烈竞争中对希拉里的不敬之词,奥巴马对此一笑置之。奥巴马表示,他们之间的分歧被放大了,他希望政府内部进行“有活力的辩论”。

奥巴马说,白宫的一个危险就是群体思维趋于一统,所有人都唯马首是瞻,缺乏讨论和不同观点。我会结束这种状况。

奥巴马自竞选以来一直对布什总统出言尊敬,但他明确表示自己的政策会显著不同。



Associated Press

盖茨获留任



举例来说,布什一直将伊拉克形容为反恐战争的中心战场。布什政府因此将大多数美国军事力量和财政资源都投入到了伊拉克战争,参谋长联席会议主席穆伦(Mike Mullen)因此将阿富汗战争称为“节约兵力使命”。

奥巴马表示,他会向阿富汗转移资源,并称南亚是美国目前最大的威胁。奥巴马说,恐怖分子已经在那里建立了安全港,对美国民众构成了最为严重的威胁。

奥巴马还重申了竞选时的承诺,下令盖茨和参谋长联席会议开始从伊拉克撤出美军作战部队,计划在2010年中前全部撤出伊拉克。他承诺会听取高级指挥官的建议,部分将领私下对如此迅速撤军表示担忧,但奥巴马表示,自己有关逐步撤军的承诺没有改变。

奥巴马表示,我认为16个月是个合适的时间表。他补充说,美国领导的伊拉克战争进入了过渡阶段,美国的任务也将随之改变。
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