When it comes to sport, there’s something for everyone. Do you play a sport, Georgina?
说到体育，每个人都能找到适合自己的东西。你喜欢运动吗，乔治娜？
Georgina(乔治娜)
I used to play in a netball team years ago. Now I go jogging and I enjoy swimming too.
几年前，我曾经在一支无板篮球队打球。现在我去慢跑，我也喜欢游泳。
Neil(尼尔)
Yes, I go jogging sometimes and I play football, although I’m no Ronaldo!
是的，我有时会慢跑，我踢足球，尽管我不是罗纳尔多！
Georgina(乔治娜)
But some sports, the so-called ‘full contact’ sports like rugby, American football and boxing are much more dangerous. Now, the truth about the long-term effects on players who make a career taking heavy tackles or punches to the head is being slowly revealed.
And the issue of safety in sport was back in the news again recently when Danish footballer, Christian Eriksen, collapsed on the pitch during the 2020 European football championship.
At the centre of the debate are worries about possible brain damage and dementia caused by concussion - that’s a type of traumatic brain injury caused by a bump or blow to the head, and the topic of this programme.
Boxing, of course, is one of the most dangerous sports, and so my quiz question is about a famous boxer. Born in 1949, this boxer has remained mentally and physically fit despite years of punishment in the boxing ring. But who am I talking about? Is he: a) Muhammad Ali? b) George Foreman? or c) Mike Tyson?
I’m not a big boxing fan, Neil, but I’ll say b) George Foreman.
我不是拳击迷，尼尔，但我会说 b） 乔治·福尔曼。
Neil(尼尔)
OK, Georgina, we’ll find out the answer to that question later in the programme.
好的，乔治娜，我们会在节目后面找到这个问题的答案。
Georgina(乔治娜)
So far, we’ve been talking about heavy full contact sports like boxing, but the truth is that any sportsperson can get concussed.
到目前为止，我们一直在谈论像拳击这样的重度全接触运动，但事实是，任何运动员都可能患上脑震荡。
Neil(尼尔)
In 2018 hockey player and Olympic gold medallist, Nicola White, was involved in a heavy collision with another player during a warm-up match.
2018年，曲棍球运动员和奥运金牌得主尼古拉·怀特在一场热身赛中与另一名球员发生了严重碰撞。
Georgina(乔治娜)
Here’s Nicola telling her story to Paul Connolly, presenter of BBC World Service programme, The Inquiry:
以下是妮可拉向英国广播公司世界服务节目《调查》的主持人保罗·康诺利讲述她的故事：
Nicola White(妮可拉·怀特)
I started suffering headaches, nausea, light sensitivity, noise sensitivity, my balance was off, I just felt terrible. I always used to describe it like I was in Alice in Wonderland, I just felt in such a warped world, it just felt relentless, and it never stopped.
Three years on from that moment of impact, Nicola is still picking up the pieces. Despite seeking advice and treatment from specialist in the field of head trauma, many of her symptoms persist.
After the collision Nicola‘s balance was off. When something is off, it’s worse than usual.
碰撞发生后，妮可拉的平衡失调了。当某些东西不对劲时，情况比平时更糟。
Georgina(乔治娜)
And off can also mean ‘bad’, as in ‘this milk smells awful – it’s gone off!’.
off 也可以表示“不好”，例如“这牛奶闻起来很糟糕 —— 它已经消失了！
Neil(尼尔)
Nicola felt terrible and her world was warped - strange and unpleasant.
妮可拉感到可怕，她的世界被扭曲了 —— 奇怪而令人不快。
Georgina(乔治娜)
In fact, three years after the accident, she was still picking up the pieces - trying to return to normality after a crisis or collapse.
事实上，事故发生三年后，她仍在收拾残局 —— 试图在危机或崩溃后恢复正常。
Neil(尼尔)
Concussion is a problem in many sports - even those like hockey or athletics that are not considered ‘full contact’.
脑震荡在许多运动中都是一个问题 —— 即使是那些不被认为是“完全接触”的曲棍球或田径运动。
Georgina(乔治娜)
But the dangers involved with boxing are far greater. In fact, it’s one of the few sports that has concussion written into the rules.
但拳击所涉及的危险要大得多。事实上，这是为数不多的将脑震荡写入规则的运动之一。
Neil(尼尔)
Yes, that’s right. When a boxer is knocked down, he has ten seconds to stand up and get his senses together – if he can’t, there’s a good chance he’s concussed.
Tris Dixon is a former boxer turned sportswriter. Here he is speaking to BBC World Service programme, The Inquiry, about concussion in boxing. See if you can spot the answer to the quiz question Neil asked earlier:
特里斯·迪克森是一名前拳击手，后来成为体育作家。在这里，他正在接受英国广播公司世界服务节目《调查》的采访，谈论拳击中的脑震荡。看看你是否能找到 Neil 之前提出的测验问题的答案：
Tris Dixon(特里斯·迪克森)
When you look back through history and you see that Henry Armstrong, Sugar Ray Robinson, Muhammad Ali, Joe Louis all suffered with neurological problems as they got older… but what we also need to find out is why can you have a fighter like George Foreman, who’s now in his seventies, and is as bright as a button after two long hard careers. Why do some people seem to have a reserve that has kept them safe later in life?
Tris mentions some famous boxers who suffered neurological problems in later life… and another boxer who’s still as bright as a button – an expression used to describe someone who’s happy, cheerful, intelligent, and full of energy.
It seems that some people have a reserve – a supply of energy they keep stored up for use in the future, when it’s needed.
似乎有些人有一种储备 —— 他们储存的能量供应，以备将来需要时使用。
Neil(尼尔)
OK, Georgina, let’s get back to my quiz question – I’m pretty sure you know the answer now?
好的，乔治娜，让我们回到我的测验问题 —— 我很确定你现在知道答案了吗？
Georgina(乔治娜)
Yes, I think so. Neil asked me which famous boxer, born in 1949, was still mentally alert despite many years of fighting. I guessed it was b) George Foreman.
When something is off, it’s bad or worse than usual.
当某些东西不对劲时，它比平时更糟或更糟。
Neil(尼尔)
The adjective warped means strange and unpleasant.
形容词 warped 的意思是奇怪和不愉快。
Georgina(乔治娜)
To pick up the pieces means to try to return to the ways things were before a crisis or collapse.
收拾残局意味着试图回到危机或崩溃之前的样子。
Neil(尼尔)
A reserve is a supply of something that you kept back until it’s needed.
储备是你保留的东西的供应，直到需要它。
Georgina(乔治娜)
And finally, someone who’s as bright as a button is very happy and cheerful, intelligent, and full of energy!
最后，像纽扣一样明亮的人非常快乐开朗，聪明，精力充沛！
Neil(尼尔)
Sounds like our 6 Minute English listeners to me!
对我来说，这听起来像是我们的六分钟英语听众！
Georgina(乔治娜)
That’s all for our investigation into concussion in sport, but if you’d like to find out more about the subject you can listen again to the whole programme on the BBC World Service website.
这就是我们对体育运动中脑震荡的调查的全部内容，但如果您想了解更多关于该主题的信息，您可以在 BBC 世界服务网站上再次收听整个节目。
Neil(尼尔)
And if you want to grow your brain power, not get linguistically concussed, why not join us again soon for more topical discussion and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English! Bye for now!
/1 
