著名历史学家许倬云先生在美国去世，享年95岁。

Renowned historian Hsu Cho-yun, professor emeritus of history and sociology at the University of Pittsburgh, passed away at 95 on Monday in Pittsburgh, the United States, multiple sources said.



许倬云在《许倬云八十回顾》里写道，他“生于1930年阴历7月10日，阳历9月2日”。他是清代布政使许松佶的后代，远祖为宋代状元许将。其父许凤藻，其母章舜英，出身无锡官宦世家。

Hsu was born into a family of literati in Xiamen, Fujian province, in September 1930, and raised in Jiangnan, which encompasses the southern regions in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. He moved to Taiwan with his family in 1948.

许倬云晚年多次表示希望归葬家乡无锡与父母同眠：“坟地买好了，碑也刻了……父母走时吩咐过，我对他们有承诺。”梦中仍常忆父母关怀：“母亲摸摸我的背问‘痛不痛？’。”

许倬云生来身体便有残疾，四肢先天畸形，手脚内翻，需要借助双拐才能走路。而与他同时出生的孪生弟弟许翼云却身体健全，这种现象在医学上也非常罕见。这样的身体状况，让许倬云没法像其他孩子那样接受正常教育。

对于自己身体残疾，许倬云先生在《往里走，安顿自己》一书里说：这一辈子，我虽然残缺，但是得到了特别多的恩惠和保护，也感受到了特别多的温暖。这使我能够撑到今天，所以我感恩，我不抱怨。

1937年，抗日战争全面爆发，童年时期的抗战经历让许倬云终身难忘。许倬云在其实名微博“@许倬云说历史”里多次回忆过抗战，7月24日是许先生发的最后一则微博，内容便与抗战有关。

Born with physical disability and having experienced the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) in his childhood, Hsu lived an arduous yet fruitful life. He once said: "I was always a bystander because I couldn't move freely or play with other children, which had a lot to do with my lifelong commitment to studies in history. Historians are bystanders."



7月24日，他在微博忆起川军开拔前往台儿庄的几个片段，他写道：“长大后我才晓得，当年川军派出一个师直奔前线，在台儿庄全阵亡，从士兵到师长，一个不留。这是我最难过的事情，当时我不过才八九岁，知道他们要去打‘国仗’，所以小孩变大人不是年纪，而是心境。”

1937年全面抗战爆发，许倬云家人住在相当靠近前线的湖北，年年不断避难。他的兄弟姐妹跟着难民学校步行几千里迁移， 两三个月换一个地方。许倬云则随父母搬来搬去。父亲许凤藻每天读报以后，会在地图上插上大头钉，思考战局的情况会如何， 他不仅关心中国战场的战况，也注意欧洲战场的情况。

年幼的许倬云经常待在父亲许凤藻旁边，父亲会不时将他的意见简要地告诉儿子；这一每天发生的父子谈话，对许倬云一生的学习兴趣产生了极大的影响，“总结言之，我虽然在抗战期间失学甚久，其实因祸得福，获得一些一般少年无法得到的机会” 。

许倬云在《许倬云八十回顾》里写道，“抗战是我非常重要的记忆，看见人家流离失所，看见死亡，看见战火，知道什么叫饥饿，什么叫恐惧，这是无法代替的经验。”

93岁时许倬云在访谈节目中被问及有何毕生遗憾，他沉默后引用陆游诗句：“但悲不见九州同”，并哽咽道：“抗战中长大的我，‘中国’二字刻在心里。”他提及抗战牺牲的军民，称“不能忘，忘不了。”

Hsu once quoted Song Dynasty (960-1279) poet Lu You in the cultural show Thirteen Talks, "But what grieves me is not to have seen our land united." With tears in his eye, he added that people of his generation, who experienced the war, could not get over the pain and stop this regret, and that he had planned to be buried next to his parents in his hometown in Wuxi, Jiangsu province.

许倬云毕业于中国台湾大学、美国芝加哥大学，1970年移民至美国，后为美国匹兹堡大学历史学系荣休讲座教授。他曾先后执教于中国台湾、中国香港和美国的多所大学，善于运用社会科学的理论和方法治史，研究领域主要在中国文化史、社会经济史和中国上古史，其代表著作包括《中国古代社会史论》《汉代农业》《西周史》《万古江河》等。

Over the past decades, Hsu, who received training in both China and the US and specialized in ancient Chinese social and cultural history, has influenced generations of scholars and lay readers from home and abroad, particularly with his studies of early Chinese periods such as the Western Zhou (c.11th century-771 BC), Qin (221-206 BC) and Han (206 BC-AD 220) dynasties.

After graduating from Taiwan University, he went to the University of Chicago and graduated with a PhD in humanities in 1962. He arrived in Pittsburgh in 1970, and one year later, he achieved the status of full professor at the University of Pittsburgh.

来源：中国日报 澎湃新闻