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Georgina(乔治娜)

I'm Georgina…

我是乔治娜...

Neil(尼尔)

And I'm Neil.

我是尼尔。

Georgina(乔治娜)

In this programme, we’re talking about buying clothes and only wearing them a few times before buying more clothes!

在这个节目中，我们谈论的是买衣服，在买更多的衣服之前只穿几次！

Neil(尼尔)

This is something known as fast fashion – it’s popular, it might make us feel good, but it’s not great for the environment.

这就是所谓的快时尚 —— 它很受欢迎，它可能会让我们感觉良好，但对环境不利。

Georgina(乔治娜)

Which is why lots of people this year are pledging – or promising publicly - to buy no new clothes.

这就是为什么今年很多人承诺 —— 或公开承诺 —— 不买新衣服。

Neil(尼尔)

I for one am wearing the same shirt I bought seven years ago.

我穿着七年前买的那件衬衫。

Georgina(乔治娜)

You’re certainly not a fashion victim, Neil! But first, let’s test your knowledge of fast fashion with a question. Do you know how many items of clothing were sent to landfill in the UK in 2017? Was it… a) 23 million items; b) 234 million items c) 2.3 billion items What do you think, Neil?

你当然不是时尚的受害者，尼尔！但首先，让我们用一个问题来测试你对快时尚的了解。你知道2017年英国有多少件衣服被送往垃圾填埋场吗？难道是......a） 2300 万件；b） 2.34 亿件商品 c） 23 亿件商品 尼尔，你怎么看？

Neil(尼尔)

I’m sure it’s lots, but not billions, so I’m going to say 23 million items.

我敢肯定是很多，但不是数十亿，所以我要说的是 2300 万件物品。

Georgina(乔治娜)

I shall tell you if you’re right at the end of the programme. Let’s talk more about fast fashion, which is being blamed for contributing to global warming.

我会告诉你，如果你在节目结束时是对的。让我们更多地谈谈快时尚，它被指责为导致全球变暖的原因。

Neil(尼尔)

And discarded clothes – that means ones that are thrown away - are also piling up in landfill sites, and fibre fragments are flowing into the sea when clothes are washed.

丢弃的衣服 —— 也就是被扔掉的衣服 —— 也堆积在垃圾填埋场，洗衣服时纤维碎片会流入大海。

Georgina(乔治娜)

It’s not great – and I’ve heard the average time someone wears something is just seven! So why is this, and what is driving our desire to keep buying more clothes?

这不是很好 —— 我听说一个人穿东西的平均时间只有七次！那么为什么会这样，是什么驱使我们继续购买更多衣服的愿望呢？

Neil(尼尔)

I think we should hear from fashion journalist Lauren Bravo, who’s been speaking on the BBC Radio 4 programme, You and Yours. She explained that clothes today are relatively cheaper than those from her parents’ days…

我想我们应该听听时尚记者Lauren Bravo的意见，她一直在BBC Radio 4节目《你和你的》中发言。她解释说，现在的衣服比她父母时代的衣服便宜得多......

Lauren Bravo, fashion journalist(Lauren Bravo，时尚记者)

A lot of clothing production got outsourced - offshored over to the developing world, so countries like Indonesia, India, Bangladesh and China are now responsible for making the vast bulk of all the clothes that are sold in the UK. And with that, we've seen what we call ‘chasing the cheapest needle’ around the world, so the fashion industry constantly looking to undercut competitors, and with that clothes getting cheaper and cheaper and cheaper.

许多服装生产被外包 - 转移到发展中国家，因此印度尼西亚，印度，孟加拉国和中国等国家现在负责制造在英国销售的绝大多数服装。因此，我们已经看到了我们所说的“追逐最便宜的针”，因此时尚行业不断寻求削弱竞争对手，并且随着这些衣服变得越来越便宜。

Georgina(乔治娜)

Right, so clothes – in the developed world at least – have become cheaper because they are produced in developing countries. These are countries which are trying to become more advanced economically and socially.

是的，所以衣服 —— 至少在发达国家 —— 变得更便宜了，因为它们是在发展中国家生产的。这些国家正试图在经济和社会方面变得更加先进。

Neil(尼尔)

So production is outsourced – that means work usually done in one company is given to another company to do, often because that company has the skills to do it. And in the case of fashion production, it can be done cheaper by another company based in a developing country.

因此，生产是外包的 —— 这意味着通常在一家公司完成的工作被交给另一家公司来做，通常是因为该公司有做这件事的技能。就时装生产而言，可以由另一家位于发展中国家的公司更便宜地完成。

Georgina(乔治娜)

Lauren used an interesting expression ‘chasing the cheapest needle’ – so the fashion industry is always looking to find the company which can make clothes cheaper – a company that can undercut another one means they can do the same job cheaper.

Lauren 用了一个有趣的表达方式“追逐最便宜的针” —— 所以时尚界总是在寻找可以让衣服更便宜的公司 —— 一家可以削弱另一家公司意味着他们可以更便宜地做同样的工作。

Neil(尼尔)

Therefore the price of clothes gets cheaper for us.

因此，衣服的价格对我们来说变得更便宜。

Georgina(乔治娜)

OK, so it might be good to be able to buy cheaper clothes. But why do we have to buy more – and only wear items a few times?

好吧，所以能够买到更便宜的衣服可能是件好事。但是，为什么我们必须购买更多物品，而且只穿几次呢？

Neil(尼尔)

It’s all about our obsession with shopping and fashion. It’s something Lauren Bravo goes on to explain on the You and Yours radio programme. See if you can hear what she blames for this obsession…

这一切都与我们对购物和时尚的痴迷有关。这是劳伦·布拉沃在“你和你的”广播节目中继续解释的。看看你是否能听到她对这种痴迷的指责......

Lauren Bravo, fashion journalist(Lauren Bravo，时尚记者)

Buying new things has almost become a trend in itself for certain generations. I think that feeling that you can't be seen in the same thing twice, it really stems from social media, particularly. And quite often people are buying those outfits to take a photo to put on Instagram. It sounds illogical, but I think when all of your friends are doing it there is this invisible pressure there.

对于某些人来说，购买新东西本身几乎已成为一种趋势。我认为那种你不能在同一件事上被看到两次的感觉，它真的源于社交媒体，尤其是。很多时候，人们购买这些衣服是为了拍照放在Instagram上。这听起来不合逻辑，但我认为当你所有的朋友都在这样做时，就会有一种无形的压力。

Georgina(乔治娜)

Lauren makes some interesting points. Firstly, for some generations, there is just a trend for buying things.

Lauren 提出了一些有趣的观点。首先，对于几代人来说，只是有一种买东西的趋势。

Neil(尼尔)

It does seem very wasteful, but, as Lauren says, some people don’t like to be seen wearing the same thing twice. And this idea is caused by social media – she uses the expression ‘stems from’.

这看起来确实很浪费，但正如劳伦所说，有些人不喜欢被看到穿两次同样的东西。这个想法是由社交媒体引起的 —— 她使用了“源于”一词。

Georgina(乔治娜)

She describes the social pressure of needing to be seen wearing new clothes on Instagram. And the availability of cheap clothes means it’s possible to post new images of yourself wearing new clothes very regularly.

她描述了需要在Instagram上看到穿着新衣服的社会压力。廉价衣服的可用性意味着可以定期发布自己穿着新衣服的新照片。

Neil(尼尔)

Hmm, it sounds very wasteful and to me, illogical – not reasonable or sensible and more driven by emotions rather than any practical reason.

嗯，这听起来很浪费，对我来说，不合逻辑 —— 不合理或不明智，更多的是受情绪而不是任何实际原因的驱使。

Georgina(乔治娜)

But, there is a bit of a backlash now – that’s a strong negative reaction to what is happening. Some people are now promising to buy second-hand clothes, or ‘vintage clothes’, or make do with the clothes they have and mend the ones they need. It could be the start of a new fashion trend.

但是，现在有一点反弹 —— 这是对正在发生的事情的强烈负面反应。有些人现在承诺购买二手衣服或“复古衣服”，或者凑合着用他们拥有的衣服并修补他们需要的衣服。这可能是新时尚潮流的开始。

Neil(尼尔)

Yes, and for once, I will be on trend! And it could reduce the amount of clothes sent to landfill that you mentioned earlier.

是的，这一次，我会跟上潮流！它可以减少你之前提到的送往垃圾填埋场的衣服数量。

Georgina(乔治娜)

Yes, I asked if you knew how many items of clothing were sent to landfill in the UK in 2017? Was it… a) 23 million items; b) 234 million items or c) 2.3 billion items What did you say, Neil?

是的，我问你是否知道 2017 年有多少衣服被送往英国的垃圾填埋场？难道是......a） 2300 万件；b） 2.34 亿件物品或 c） 23 亿件物品 尼尔，你说了什么？

Neil(尼尔)

I said a) 23 million items.

我说a）2300万件物品。

Georgina(乔治娜)

And you were wrong. It’s actually 234 million items – that’s according to the Enviro Audit Committee. It also found that 1.2 billion tonnes of carbon emissions is released by the global fashion industry.

你错了。它实际上是 2.34 亿件物品 —— 这是根据 Enviro 审计委员会的数据。报告还发现，全球时尚行业排放了12亿吨碳。

Neil(尼尔)

Well, we’re clearly throwing away too many clothes but perhaps we can recycle some of the vocabulary we’ve mentioned today?

好吧，我们显然扔掉了太多衣服，但也许我们可以回收我们今天提到的一些词汇？

Georgina(乔治娜)

I think we can, starting with pledging - that means publicly promising to do something. You can make a pledge to do something.

我认为我们可以，从承诺开始 —— 这意味着公开承诺做某事。你可以承诺做某事。

Neil(尼尔)

When something is outsourced, it is given to another company to do, often because that company has the skills to do it or it can be done cheaper.

当某件事被外包时，它会被交给另一家公司去做，通常是因为那家公司有做这件事的技能，或者可以更便宜地做这件事。

Georgina(乔治娜)

And if one company undercuts another, it charges less to do a job than its competitor.

如果一家公司削弱了另一家公司，那么它的工作费用就会低于竞争对手。

Neil(尼尔)

The expression stems from means ‘is caused by’ or ‘a result of’. We mentioned that rise in fast fashion stems from sharing images on Instagram.

该表达源于“由”或“结果”的意思。我们提到，快时尚的兴起源于在Instagram上分享图片。

Georgina(乔治娜)

And we mentioned this being illogical. So it seems unreasonable - not sensible, and more driven by emotions rather than any practical reason.

我们提到这是不合逻辑的。所以这似乎是不合理的 —— 不明智，更多的是受情绪而不是任何实际原因的驱使。

Neil(尼尔)

And a backlash is a strong negative reaction to what is happening.

反弹是对正在发生的事情的强烈负面反应。

Georgina(乔治娜)

And that brings us to the end of our discussion about fast fashion! Please join us again next time. Bye.

关于快时尚的讨论到此结束！下次请再次加入我们。再见。

Neil
(尼尔
)

Bye.

再见。