演讲题目：A new lifeline for the world's coral reefs

演讲简介：

珊瑚礁是地球上生物多样性最丰富的生态系统，也是海洋繁荣发展的命脉。然而，如果不采取行动，到2050年，90%的珊瑚礁可能会消亡。幸运的是，珊瑚礁守护者特蕾莎·菲夫有一个计划。她在大堡礁基金会的团队通过将突破性的科学与原住民智慧以及全球合作相结合，来实施大规模珊瑚恢复计划的，这为珊瑚礁提供了生存的机会。



中英文字幕

When I say Great Barrier Reef, what do you see?

当我说大堡礁时，你想到了什么？

If you grew up in the 2000s, I'm guessing it might be Nemo and his best friend, Dory.

如果你在2000年代长大，我猜可能是尼莫和他最好的朋友多莉。

Or perhaps it's this.

或者也许是这个。

It's the best part of my job.

这是我工作中最有意思的部分。

Taking people underwater to witness such a wonder and so much life.

就是带人们去水下见证这样的奇迹和如此多的生命。

Coral reefs are the most biodiverse ecosystem on our entire blue planet, home to more than a quarter of all marine life.

珊瑚礁是整个蓝色星球上生物多样性最强的生态系统，是超过四分之一海洋生物的家园。

They are food, livelihoods and coastal protection for more than one billion people.

它们是超过十亿人的食物、生计和沿海保护。

They anchor the economies of over 100 nations and hold deep cultural significance for saltwater First Nations peoples,

它们支撑着100多个国家的经济，并对咸水原住民具有深刻的文化意义，

who see coral reefs as their family and the creators of life.

这些人将珊瑚礁视为他们的家人和生命的创造者。

But increasingly, when I say Great Barrier Reef, people think of this.

但当我提到大堡礁时，人们越来越多地想到这一点。

Or even worse, this.

或者更糟糕的也是这一点。

Sadly, our reef, my reef has become the poster child for climate change.

可悲的是，我们的珊瑚礁，我研究的珊瑚礁已经成为气候变化的典范。

And here's why.

原因如下：

Coral polyps, the tiny animals that build reefs, are incredibly sensitive to warming oceans.

珊瑚虫是一种建造珊瑚礁的微小动物，对海洋变暖极其敏感。

When stressed by heat, they expel the algae that nourish them, exposing their skeletons and turning them white, a phenomenon called coral bleaching.

当受到热量的压力时，它们会驱逐滋养它们的藻类，暴露它们的骨骼并使它们变成白色，这种现象称为珊瑚白化。

Now a bleached coral isn't dead, but it is sick and starving.

现在白化的珊瑚并没有死，它是生病了，饿了。

And if temperatures stay too high for too long, it dies.

如果温度太高太久，它就会死亡。

Coral reefs are the absolute lifeblood of a thriving ocean.

珊瑚礁是繁荣海洋的绝对命脉。

We thought them too big and too important to fail.

我们认为它们太大太重要了，不容许我们失败。

Already we have lost half of the world's coral reefs.

我们已经失去了世界上一半的珊瑚礁。

In 2024, the global extent of coral bleaching reached 53 countries and every ocean on Earth.

2024年，全球珊瑚白化的范围已达到53个国家和地球上的每一片海洋。

By 2050, 90 percent of corals could be lost, and with coral reefs thought to be one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to climate change,

到2050年，90%的珊瑚可能会消失，而且珊瑚礁被认为是最容易受到气候变化影响的生态系统之一，

we could witness their extinction in our lifetime.

我们可能会在有生之年目睹它们的灭绝。

Because of this, many people have already given up.

正因为如此，很多人已经放弃了。

They see the problem as just too big and the progress too slow.

他们认为问题太严重了，进展太慢。

But I haven't given up.

但我并没有放弃。

And I'm here to tell you why you shouldn't give up either.

我来这里是为了告诉你为什么你也不应该放弃。

Prior to working at the Great Barrier Reef Foundation, I worked in medical research, and the parallels are surprisingly striking.

在大堡礁基金会工作之前，我曾从事医学研究，两者有着惊人的相似之处。

While many cancers have no cure, a cancer diagnosis is no longer a death sentence due to the expanding toolkit of treatments.

虽然许多癌症无法治愈，但由于治疗工具包不断扩大，癌症诊断不再是死刑。

This is how we must think of coral reefs.

这就是我们对珊瑚礁的看法。

Yes, we need the cure.

是的，我们需要治愈它们的方法。

The solutions to climate change itself.

气候变化本身的解决方案。

But right now, corals also need treatments to buy them time.

但现在，珊瑚也需要治疗来赢得时间。

Enter reef restoration.

那就是进入珊瑚礁修复期。

Reef restoration has been around since about the 1970s, mainly through coral gardening.

珊瑚礁恢复大约从20世纪70年代开始，主要通过珊瑚种植。

It's pretty simple.

这很简单。

You take small pieces of coral, you grow them in an underwater nursery, and when big enough, you replant them in a reef.

你采取小块珊瑚，在水下苗圃中种植它们，当足够大时，你将它们重新种植在珊瑚礁中。

While an important part of the reef restoration toolkit, this approach is slow, expensive and very difficult to scale.

虽然这种方法是珊瑚礁恢复工具包的重要组成部分，但速度缓慢、昂贵且难以扩展。

As a result, it is thought that less than 200,000 corals are planted across the world's oceans each year, with many of these corals not surviving.

因此，据信每年在世界海洋中种植的珊瑚不到20万只，其中许多珊瑚无法生存。

We needed a breakthrough.

我们需要突破。

Over the past five years, 350 Australian scientists and engineers have been working on just that:

在过去的五年里，350名澳大利亚科学家和工程师一直在研究：

technology to make reef restoration faster, cheaper and smarter.

加快珊瑚礁恢复的更便宜、更智能的技术。

We've made more advancements in the last five years than the previous 50.

我们在过去五年中取得的进步比之前50年还要多。

Using an automated process, we can now produce millions of baby corals, not just thousands.

使用自动化流程，我们现在可以生产数百万个小珊瑚，而不仅仅是数千个。

We can naturally increase the heat tolerance of these corals so they are better adapted to warming oceans.

我们可以自然地提高这些珊瑚的耐热性，以便它们更好地适应变暖的海洋。

And we have developed ceramic cradles for mass deployment, eliminating the need for divers to replant each piece of coral by hand.

我们还开发了用于大规模部署的陶瓷支架，无需潜水员手工移植每一块珊瑚。

But in a race against time, the key to dramatically scaling our impact is to deploy this technology in a highly targeted way.

但在与时间赛跑的过程中，大幅扩大影响力的关键是以高度有针对性的方式部署这项技术。

We will focus our restoration solution on the reefs that are the most connected to other reefs via the ocean's natural currents.

我们将重点关注通过海洋自然洋流与其他珊瑚礁联系最紧密的珊瑚礁。

By seeding these highly connected reefs with more heat-tolerant corals, their subsequent and stronger offspring will be spread far and wide.

通过在这些高度相连的珊瑚礁上播种更耐热的珊瑚，它们随后更强大的后代将传播得更远更广。

By using this precision approach across the Pacific,

通过使用这种精确方法跨越太平洋，

restoring as little as three percent of coral reefs can drive the recovery of 50 percent of the entire ecosystem.

仅恢复3%的珊瑚礁就可以推动整个生态系统50%的恢复。

This would be restoration on an unprecedented scale.

这将是前所未有的规模的修复。

And we're making it local.

我们正在使其本地化。

Thank you.

谢谢。

Packaging these technologies into portable coral micronurseries for coastal communities to own and operate.

将这些技术包装到便携式珊瑚微型水疗中心中，供沿海社区拥有和运营。

The productivity of one single micronursery is expected to exceed that of all global coral gardening efforts combined today.

单个微型苗圃的生产力预计将超过当今全球所有珊瑚园艺工作的总和。

By 2031, we will be planting 1.2 million heat-tolerant surviving corals per year, about 30 times more than planted across the Pacific today.

到2031年，我们每年将种植120万只耐热存活珊瑚，大约是当今太平洋种植量的30倍。

By 2040, it is our ambition to increase the global scale of reef restoration by 120 times.

我们的目标是到2040年，将全球珊瑚礁恢复规模增加120倍。

But we know.Thank you.

但我们知道（这很艰难）。谢谢。

We know that the technology on its own isn't enough.

我们知道仅靠技术是不够的。

To have real impact, this technology needs to be in the hands of those on the front line, those that know the oceans best.

为了产生真正的影响，这项技术需要掌握在前线、最了解海洋的人手中。

Meet Uncle Bob, a Woppaburra man from the Great Barrier Reef.

这是鲍勃叔叔，他来自大堡礁的沃帕布拉人。

His people have been caring for their sea country for millennia.

数千年来，他和人们一直在照顾他们的海洋家园。

Now when Bob talks to me of his country, he says, "Country is sick, country is crying."

现在，当鲍勃和我谈到他的家园时，他说，“我的家园生病了，家园在哭泣。“

But with this technology, his community is empowered to be the first responders to heal their sea country by blending this modern innovation with their ancient knowledge.

但有了这项技术，通过将这种现代创新与古老知识相结合，他的社区有能力成为治愈海洋家园的第一响应者。

For many coral reefs, unfortunately, it is already too late.

不幸的是，对于许多珊瑚礁来说，已经太晚了。

But for the half of the world's reefs, including our Great Barrier Reef, that call the Pacific home, there is still time.

但对于世界上一半的珊瑚礁来说，包括作为太平洋家园的大堡礁，还有时间。

These corals haven't given up.

这些珊瑚并没有放弃。

They are still resilient.

它们仍然有韧性。

They can regenerate.

它们可以再生。

So if the corals haven't given up, how can we?

那么，如果珊瑚还没有放弃，我们怎么能放弃呢？

Now hope without a plan, it's nothing more than a wish.

现在没有计划的希望，只不过是一个愿望。

But thanks to the generosity of the TED community, we have a plan.

但感谢TED社区的慷慨，我们有了一个计划。

A lifeline for coral reefs.

这是珊瑚礁的生命线。

So I'm asking you -- don't look away.

所以我请求你别看别处。

Change your perspective and join us in the fight to sustain not just coral reefs, but the livelihoods, the cultures and the futures they safeguard.

改变您的观点，加入我们的行列，不仅维护珊瑚礁，还维护珊瑚礁所捍卫的生计、文化和未来。

This isn't game over.

行动还没有结束。

It's game on.

它才刚刚开始。

Thank you.

谢谢。