A new international report says pollution remains the largest environment threat to human health.

一份新的国际报告称，污染仍然是对人类健康最大的环境威胁。

The report, by the Global Alliance on Health and Pollution (GAHP),

这份由全球健康与污染联盟(GAHP)发布的报告估计，

estimated that pollution was responsible for 15 percent of all deaths worldwide in 2017.

2017年全球15%的死亡是由污染造成的。

The organization said the number of premature deaths from pollution reached 8.3 million people worldwide that year.

该组织称，那年全球因污染而过早死亡的人数达到了830万人。

That is three times higher than the worldwide death totals from AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.

这比全球死于艾滋病、结核病和疟疾的人数高出三倍。

The GAHP is made up of more than 50 members,

GAHP由50多个成员组成，

including United Nations agencies, world governments, environmental groups and educational organizations.

包括联合国机构、世界各国政府、环境组织和教育组织。

It seeks to raise international attention about pollution issues and help governments create solutions to fight the problem.

它旨在引起国际社会对污染问题的关注，并帮助各国政府制定解决方案。

The GAHP said that more than 90 percent of the pollution-related deaths occurred in developing countries.

GAHP说，90%以上与污染有关的死亡发生在发展中国家。

The report noted that such deaths remain a "neglected" issue, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

报告指出，这类死亡仍然是一个“被忽视”的问题，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家。

The writers of the report said international efforts have helped to reduce the effects of traditional pollution sources,

该报告的作者表示，国际社会的努力有助于减少传统污染源的影响，

such as poor sanitation and smoky cooking fires.

比如糟糕的卫生条件和烟雾弥漫的灶火。

But they noted that modern pollution from cities and industrial production is increasing.

但他们指出，来自城市和工业生产的现代污染正在增加。

The report suggests that a worldwide health crisis "is, in fact, still undercounted, still under-addressed (and) still under-resourced,"

报告指出，全球健康危机“实际上仍未得到重视，仍未得到解决，且仍缺乏资源”。

GAHP's acting Director Rachael Kupka said.

GAHP的代理主任拉切尔·库普卡说。

The research follows up on a major report released in 2017 by the publication The Lancet.

这项研究是在2017年《柳叶刀》杂志发表的一份重要报告之后进行的。

That report was created by an international group of university researchers, national health ministries,

该报告是由一个由大学研究人员、国家卫生部、

nongovernmental organizations, the World Bank and the United Nations.

非政府组织、世界银行和联合国组成的国际小组编写的。

The group looked at the causes of death and disability in four areas: air, water, job-related risks and lead exposure.

该小组从四个方面研究了死亡和残疾的原因：空气、水、与工作相关的风险和铅暴露。

In the GAHP report, India and China had the largest total number of pollution-related deaths.

在GAHP报告中，印度和中国因污染而死亡的总人数最多。

They were followed by Nigeria, Indonesia and Pakistan.

紧随其后的是尼日利亚，印度尼西亚和巴基斯坦。

The United States was seventh.

美国排在第七位。

"There are countries from almost every region of the world present in that top 10 list," Kupka said.

库普卡说：“世界上几乎每个地区都有国家进入前十。”

"We really are all impacted. It doesn't matter where you are."

“我们真的都受到了影响。你在哪里并不重要。”

Pollution-related deaths per 100,000 people were highest in Chad, Central African Republic and North Korea.

在乍得、中非共和国和朝鲜，每10万人中与污染相关的死亡人数最多。

India still ranked high on the list, at number 10.

印度仍然排名靠前，排在第10位。

Research has shown that pollution raises the risk of heart disease, stroke, cancer, lung disease, and other conditions.

研究表明，污染会增加患心脏病、中风、癌症、肺病和其他疾病的风险。

The report said pollution adds more years of disability worldwide than smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, as well as wars and violence.

报告说，污染造成的全球残疾年数增加，超过了吸烟、酗酒、吸毒、战争和暴力造成的残疾年数。

The GAHP noted that its latest estimates likely represent an undercount.

GAHP指出，其最新的估计数字可能被低估了。

For example, the group did not include major pollution sources such as pesticides and mercury.

例如，该小组没有把农药和汞等主要污染源作为研究对象。

Kupka says researchers will aim to center on those issues in the next pollution report in The Lancet, which is planned for 2021.

库普卡说，研究人员计划在2021年发表在《柳叶刀》杂志上的下一份污染报告中集中研究这些问题。

The good news, Kupka said, is that controls already exist to help reduce the harmful effects of pollution.

库普卡说，好消息是已经有控制措施来帮助减少污染的有害影响。

She urged officials in problem countries to recognize and enforce emissions controls for vehicles and smoke sources.

她敦促问题国家的官员承认并实施对车辆和烟雾来源的排放控制。

She said protective equipment for workers should also be provided, as it already is in many countries.

她说，还应该向工人提供保护设备，因为许多国家已经在这样做了。

I'm Bryan Lynn.

布莱恩·林恩为您播报。