… And I'm Alice. My chair feels [audibly shifts about in her chair] uncomfortable today. How does yours feel?
…我是 Alice。我的椅子今天感觉 [在她的椅子上听见移动] 不舒服。你的感觉如何？
Neil(尼尔)
Um… mine is fine - very comfortable, thank you.
嗯......我的很好 - 非常舒适，谢谢。
Alice(爱丽丝)
Well, it would be nice if you offered to give me your chair, Neil.
好吧，如果你愿意把你的椅子给我，那就太好了，Neil。
Neil(尼尔)
What? No chance. Well, I would be uncomfortable then, wouldn't I?
什么？没有机会。好吧，那我会不舒服，不是吗？
Alice(爱丽丝)
You should give me your seat, Neil.
你应该把你的座位给我，尼尔。
Neil(尼尔)
Should I? Well, now might be a good time to mention that chivalry is the subject of today's show.
我应该吗？好吧，现在可能是提到骑士精神是今天节目主题的好时机。
Alice(爱丽丝)
Chivalry these days means polite behaviour usually by men towards women.
如今的骑士精神意味着通常由男性对女性做出的礼貌行为。
Neil(尼尔)
Though in the past it referred to a code of behaviour followed by knights in the Middle Ages. It was all about honour and courage in battle, and only later on about being polite to the ladies. Well, we aren't living in the Middle Ages any more, are we?
No comment. Let's go for our traditional question. I have a literary one for you today: Who wrote the novel Don Quixote, about a 50-year old man travelling Spain in search of knightly adventures in rusty armour and a cardboard helmet? Was it… a) Miguel de Cervantes b) Leo Tolstoy Or c) William Shakespeare?
I think - I'm going to get it right today, Alice, I'm going to say a) Miguel de Cervantes.
我想 - 我今天要把事情说对，Alice，我要说 a） 米格尔·德·塞万提斯。
Alice(爱丽丝)
Well, we'll find out later on in the show if you were right or not. But first, do you think chivalry is dead, Neil?
好吧，我们稍后会在节目中发现你是对还是错。但首先，你认为骑士精神已经死了吗，尼尔？
Neil(尼尔)
No, not at all, these traditions are alive and kicking, in Poland at any rate. If something is alive and kicking it means it's active. The BBC reporter Adam Easton saw it with his own eyes and is going to describe it for us.
Medieval knights' tournaments or battle re-enactments are popular across Europe. But there's something about dressing up as a knight that particularly appeals to people here in Poland. In the summer there's events every weekend and here in Malbork Northern Poland home to Europe's largest medieval castle there's one of the biggest of the season. There's archery, crossbow, jousting, other horse skills, and more than a hundred thousand people come to watch these tournaments.
The BBC reporter Adam Easton. By the way, what's a re-enactment, Neil?
BBC 记者亚当·伊斯顿。顺便说一句，什么是重演，尼尔？
Neil(尼尔)
It's where you perform the actions of a past event. And in Malbork in Poland they stage battle re-enactments every weekend apparently, at least in the summer months!
这是您执行过去事件作的地方。在波兰的马尔堡，他们显然每个周末都会上演战斗重演，至少在夏季是这样！
Alice(爱丽丝)
Mmm… it doesn't sound like my cup of tea, and that means it doesn't sound like something I would enjoy doing, how about you, Neil?
嗯。。。这听起来不像我的那杯茶，这意味着它听起来不像我喜欢做的事情，你呢，尼尔？
Neil(尼尔)
Well, I'm not sure about the archery, crossbow and jousting. It all sounds like too much hard work. But I'd definitely enjoy the dressing up.
嗯，我对射箭、弩和比武不确定。这听起来像是太多的辛苦工作。但我肯定会喜欢这种打扮。
Alice(爱丽丝)
Excellent! Well, jousting is where two people fight on horseback using a lance, or long pole, to try to knock the other person off their horse, especially as part of a tournament – or sporting event. So with the dressing up, Neil, I'm curious. I can't imagine you as a knight in shining armour, to be honest…
Come on, Alice. I'd look very appealing to any damsel in distress. A damsel in distress is a young unmarried woman in need of help.
来吧，爱丽丝。我对任何遇险的少女都非常有吸引力。遇险少女是指需要帮助的年轻未婚女性。
Alice(爱丽丝)
OK. You might make a very fetching, or attractive, knight, Neil. But you should get used to actually helping the ladies … maybe offering me your seat. I'm still sitting uncomfortably here…
Come on, Alice, a knight needs to sit comfortably too. We've always been the ones with battles to fight!
来吧，爱丽丝，骑士也需要坐得舒服。我们一直是有战斗要打的人！
Alice(爱丽丝)
But at some point in the history of chivalry, prowess, or skill, on the battlefield became combined with a set of conventions, or rules, governing other aspects of behaviour. This included a knight's moral and religious duties and how to conduct their love affairs. Professor Laura Ashe at Oxford University explains.
但在骑士精神历史的某个时刻，战场上的英勇或技能与一套管理行为其他方面的惯例或规则相结合。这包括骑士的道德和宗教义务以及如何进行他们的爱情活动。牛津大学的 Laura Ashe 教授解释道。
Laura Ashe, Associate Professor in English at the University of Oxford, UK(LauraAshe，英国牛津大学英语副教授)
The really strange thing is the idea that love should somehow make you a better knight. I mean, this is what is suddenly claimed in the late 12th century and it makes very little sense, you know, if you imagine a footballer telling his teammates that being in love makes him a better footballer.
That was Professor Laura Ashe. And I agree with her. What has being a great footballer or a great warrior got to do with love?
那是 Laura Ashe 教授。我同意她的看法。成为一名伟大的足球运动员或伟大的战士与爱有什么关系？
Alice(爱丽丝)
Well, courtly love was a social code governing behaviour between aristocratic men and women that developed at the same time and amongst the same people as chivalry and the two became intertwined, or hard to separate, from then on.
And aristocrats are people of high social rank. OK Alice, I think it's time you told us the answer to today's quiz question.
贵族是社会地位较高的人。好的，Alice，我想你该告诉我们今天测验问题的答案了。
Alice(爱丽丝)
Good idea. OK. I asked: Who wrote the novel Don Quixote, about a 50-year old man travelling Spain in search of knightly adventures in rusty armour and a cardboard helmet? Was it… a) Miguel de Cervantes, b) Leo Tolstoy or c) William Shakespeare?
And you were right! Well done! Don Quixote was written by Miguel de Cervantes and published in 1605. It's a comic novel which describes what happens to an elderly knight who, his head muddled by reading too many romances, sets out on his old horse with his companion Sancho Panza, to seek adventure.
你是对的！干的好！《堂吉诃德》由米格尔·德·塞万提斯 （Miguel de Cervantes） 撰写，于 1605 年出版。这是一部漫画小说，描述了一位老骑士的遭遇，他因阅读了太多的浪漫故事而头脑混乱，与他的同伴桑丘·潘萨 （Sancho Panza） 一起骑着他的老马出发去寻求冒险。
Neil(尼尔)
Very interesting, Alice. Now can we hear the words we learned today?
非常有趣，爱丽丝。现在我们能听到今天学到的话语吗？
Alice(爱丽丝)
Sure, they are: chivalry alive and kicking re-enactment my cup of tea jousting lance tournament fetching damsel in distress prowess conventions courtly love intertwined aristocrats
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