We all know that sport is great for our health - and if you’re talented it can make you rich.
我们都知道运动对我们的健康有好处 —— 如果你很有天赋，它可以让你变得富有。
Sam(山姆)
Many great champions have found a way out of poverty through their sporting ability – think of someone like footballer Maradona.
许多伟大的冠军都通过他们的运动能力找到了摆脱贫困的方法 —— 想想像足球运动员马拉多纳这样的人。
Neil(尼尔)
But in today’s programme we’re not looking at the superstars. Instead we’ll discuss how sport can change the lives of young people from some of the poorest, toughest backgrounds on earth.
Many projects around the world use sports to change children's’ lives - improving mental health, challenging stereotypes and giving hope. Among them is the Ebony Club in Brixton which uses sport to help young people in London’s most disadvantaged communities – but which sport? That’s my quiz question. Is it: a) golf; b) tennis, or c) horse riding?
Well, I can’t imagine there’s enough space for golf and horse riding in the city, so I’ll say b) tennis.
好吧，我无法想象这个城市有足够的空间来打高尔夫球和骑马，所以我会说 b） 网球。
Neil(尼尔)
OK, we’ll find out the answer later. Just now we were talking about London but sporting projects like the Ebony Club are happening all over the world.
好的，我们稍后会找到答案。刚才我们谈论的是伦敦，但像乌木俱乐部这样的体育项目正在世界各地发生。
Sam(山姆)
In Cape Town, South Africa, British surfer Tim Conibear noticed how kids from poor townships hardly ever went to the beach. So he started giving them free surfing lessons.
Tim founded the ‘Waves for Changes’ project and now hundreds of kids go along each week to get “surfing therapy”. Not only is surfing giving them a buzz, it's helping to improve their life chances.
蒂姆创立了“Waves for Changes”项目，现在每周都有数百名孩子参加“冲浪疗法”。冲浪不仅给他们带来了嗡嗡声，还有助于改善他们的生活机会。
Sam(山姆)
Here he is talking to the BBC World Service programme People Fixing the World:
在这里，他正在接受英国广播公司世界服务节目《人们修复世界》的采访：
Tim Conibear(蒂姆·科尼贝尔)
Surfing also is quite difficult so you’re learning a very challenging skill which takes a lot of confidence. Very small successes which children have when they go into the water elicit a really big emotional response. If you come from a background of trauma quite often you’ll have a negative self-image and being able to try something new, achieve something new, be recognised by a coach or a mentor is very good for your confidence as well.
Most of the surfers have experienced trauma – emotional pain and shock caused by very distressing experiences.
大多数冲浪者都经历过创伤 —— 由非常痛苦的经历引起的情感痛苦和震惊。
Sam(山姆)
This has given them a negative self-image – the way a person feels about themselves, their ability, personality and value.
这给了他们一个负面的自我形象 —— 一个人对自己、能力、个性和价值的感觉。
Neil(尼尔)
Surfing helps kids improve their self-image because it’s challenging - difficult in a way that tests your ability and determination.
冲浪可以帮助孩子们改善他们的自我形象，因为它具有挑战性 —— 以一种考验你的能力和决心的方式困难。
Sam(山姆)
So challenging, in fact, that the children have a mentor – a trusted advisor who gives help and support to a younger or less experienced person.
事实上，孩子们有一位导师 —— 一位值得信赖的顾问，为年轻或经验不足的人提供帮助和支持。
Neil(尼尔)
Tim believes that the concentration needed to surf makes the children’s other problems disappear - at least for a short time.
蒂姆认为，冲浪所需的注意力会让孩子们的其他问题消失 —— 至少在短时间内是这样。
Sam(山姆)
And the results so far have been optimistic, with a significant reduction in violent behaviour reported among Cape Town’s young surfers.
到目前为止，结果是乐观的，开普敦年轻冲浪者的暴力行为显着减少。
Neil(尼尔)
Surfing is quite well-known in South Africa. But what happens when you take a completely unknown sport into one of the least developed countries on earth?
冲浪在南非非常有名。但是，当你把一项完全不为人知的运动带到地球上最不发达国家之一时，会发生什么？
Sam(山姆)
In 2007, Australian Oliver Percovich was travelling in Afghanistan with his skateboard. The children there were fascinated so he started showing them how to skate.
The idea grew and a few years later he founded the organisation ‘Skateistan’ giving free skateboard lessons to children aged five to seventeen, with a focus on those with disabilities, from low-income backgrounds and especially, girls.
Here’s ‘Skateistan’ volunteer, Jessica Faulkner, explaining how skateboarding reinforces positive educational messages which Afghan kids don’t always get at home.
这是“滑板”志愿者杰西卡·福克纳解释滑板运动如何强化阿富汗孩子在家中并不总是能得到的积极教育信息。
Jessica Faulkner(杰西卡·福克纳)
There’s a few things that skateboarding does as a kind of function. It is really quite challenging – it’s not an easy sport for anyone whether you’re young or old. And that means that it also teaches quite a lot of life skills. You have to fall off a skateboard quite a lot of times before you get better and it really helps children with things like goal setting and resilience and determination. Also, and really importantly, we do believe that children should have fun.
Like surfing, skateboarding is challenging and difficult. It requires effort and Jessica believes this teaches children important life skills – the basic skills needed to solve problems commonly encountered in everyday life.
One important life skill is goal setting – deciding what things you want to achieve and how you plan to achieve them.
一项重要的生活技能是目标设定 —— 决定你想要实现什么目标以及你计划如何实现它们。
Neil(尼尔)
Along with other skills like determination and resilience, this helps kids improve their outlook on life.
除了决心和韧性等其他技能外，这有助于孩子们改善他们的人生观。
Sam(山姆)
And to experience one of the most important things – having fun!
体验最重要的事情之一 —— 玩得开心！
Neil(尼尔)
Which reminds me about the kids at the Ebony Club and my quiz question. Remember that I asked you which sport the club uses to support disadvantaged children in London.
But in fact, it’s c) horse riding - a sport normally associated with the elite.
但事实上，这是 c） 骑马 —— 一项通常与精英相关的运动。
Sam(山姆)
In this episode we’ve been discussing how sport can help improve the life chances of young people from tough backgrounds, many of whom have suffered trauma – severe emotional pain and distress.
Such pain damages a child’s self-image – how they see and value themselves in the world.
这种痛苦损害了孩子的自我形象 —— 他们如何看待和评价自己在这个世界上。
Sam(山姆)
This can be improved by taking part in sports, like surfing, skating and horse riding, which are challenging – demanding and testing of your abilities.
这可以通过参加冲浪、滑冰和骑马等运动来改善，这些运动具有挑战性 —— 要求和考验你的能力。
Neil(尼尔)
Often kids are supported by a mentor – a trusted, more experienced friend who can offer help and advice.
通常，孩子们会得到导师的支持 —— 一位值得信赖、更有经验的朋友，可以提供帮助和建议。
Sam(山姆)
And with this support they learn life skills – basic skills everyone needs to cope with everyday problems.
在这种支持下，他们学习生活技能 —— 每个人都需要应对日常问题的基本技能。
Neil(尼尔)
One important skill is goal setting – deciding what you want to accomplish and planning how to do it.
一项重要的技能是目标设定 —— 决定你想要完成什么并计划如何去做。
Sam(山姆)
And of course, sometimes the most important goal is just to have fun!
当然，有时最重要的目标只是玩得开心！
Neil(尼尔)
That’s all we have time for today. Join us again soon as we discuss more topical issues. Bye for now!
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