Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Beth.
您好，欢迎来到 BBC Learning English 的 6 Minute English。我是贝丝。
Neil(尼尔)
And I'm Neil. Today we're going to talk about climate change and how it can affect people's mental health. Natural disasters and the impacts of climate change can be stressful. Isn't that right, Beth?
Yeah, definitely. In today's episode we're going to find out about how people can protect their mental health from the impacts of climate change. We'll be hearing from a psychiatry expert and a man who survived a wildfire and helped rebuild his town.
But first, Beth, I have a question for you. Scientists aren't always sure whether natural disasters like floods and wildfires are as a result of human-caused climate change. But in January 2025, big wildfires affected big parts of Los Angeles in California. But according to research organisation World Weather Attribution, human-caused climate change made the fires: a) 10% more likely b) 35% more likely c) 20% less likely
OK. Well, we'll find out the answer at the end of the programme. Now, natural disasters like floods and wildfires can destroy homes and communities.
还行。好吧，我们将在节目结束时找到答案。现在，洪水和野火等自然灾害可能会摧毁房屋和社区。
Beth(贝丝)
People who live in areas affected by natural disasters can often experience climate trauma. Trauma is what we call the very bad and long-lasting emotional effects of an event or experience.
Professor Jyoti Mishra is an expert in climate trauma at the University of California. She explained more about the condition to Graihagh Jackson, host of BBC World Service programme, The Climate Question.
乔蒂·米什拉（Jyoti Mishra）教授是加州大学（University of California）的气候创伤专家。她向 BBC 世界服务节目《气候问题》的主持人格雷哈·杰克逊 （Graihagh Jackson） 解释了更多关于这种情况的信息。
Jyoti Mishra(乔蒂·米什拉)
Climate trauma is not an individual trauma, it's a community-wide trauma which really requires community-wide healing.
气候创伤不是个人创伤，而是社区范围的创伤，确实需要社区范围的治愈。
Graihagh Jackson(格雷哈·杰克逊)
Yeah, I'm really struck by what you've said about the fact that it's whole communities that are affected, not individuals, but also part of the solution is about the community and how it rebuilds and reknits together.
Absolutely, yes. So, we've found that individuals who have a greater sense of positive support from their family and a greater sense of meaningful connection with their community — they are in general more resilient.
Jyoti's research on climate trauma has found that it affects communities rather than individuals.
乔蒂对气候创伤的研究发现，它影响的是社区而不是个人。
Neil(尼尔)
Host of the programme Graihagh Jackson is struck by what Jyoti says. If you're struck by an idea, you find it particularly interesting or impressive.
节目主持人 Graihagh Jackson 对 Jyoti 所说的话感到震惊。如果你被一个想法所打动，你会觉得它特别有趣或令人印象深刻。
Beth(贝丝)
Graihagh says that part of the solution to climate trauma could be in how the community reknits together. This means how the social connections in a community are restored. We can often describe a community as close-knit, which means everyone helps and supports each other.
Jyoti explains that having a strong community also helps reduce or heal climate trauma. She says that research has found that people who have a strong community are more resilient when bad things, like natural disasters, happen. If you're resilient, you're able to get better more easily after something difficult or bad happens.
One person who had to be resilient is Brad Sherwood. He survived a wildfire in Northern California in 2017 called the Tubbs fire, but when he returned home, his neighbourhood was destroyed.
一个必须坚韧不拔的人是布拉德·舍伍德。2017 年，他在北加州一场名为 Tubbs fire 的野火中幸存下来，但当他回到家时，他的社区被摧毁了。
Neil(尼尔)
Brad started to volunteer for a local support network called After the Fire to try to rebuild his community, as he explained to BBC World Service programme, The Climate Question.
布拉德开始自愿加入一个名为 After the Fire 的当地支持网络，试图重建他的社区，正如他在 BBC 世界服务节目 The Climate Question 中解释的那样。
Brad Sherwood(布拉德·舍伍德)
The silver lining in all this — I mean, if it wasn't for the Tubbs fire, we wouldn't be working as a community right now to build a new community plaza. We were a close community before the Tubbs, but afterwards we are so much stronger and resilient. And I think our children are as well. They can jump over any hurdle.
Brad says that the work to rebuild and improve his community is the silver lining to the fire. The expression silver lining means a positive thing that comes from a negative situation.
布拉德说，重建和改善他的社区的工作是火中的一线希望。一线希望一词的意思是来自消极情况的积极事物。
Neil(尼尔)
Brad's community became more resilient after the fire, including the children. He says that they can jump over any hurdle. We can describe challenges or difficult things in life as hurdles.
And it's quite inspiring, I think, to hear how Brad has taken a bad situation and tried to stay resilient. Now, the organisation Brad volunteers for, After the Fire, are helping those impacted by the fires in LA in January.
我认为，听到 Brad 如何应对糟糕的情况并努力保持韧性，这非常鼓舞人心。现在，Brad 志愿服务的组织 After the Fire 正在帮助那些受 1 月份洛杉矶火灾影响的人。
Neil(尼尔)
Which reminds me, I asked you, Beth, about the impacts of human-made climate change on the wildfires in LA in January.
这让我想起了，贝丝，我问你关于人为气候变化对 1 月份洛杉矶野火的影响。
Beth(贝丝)
And I said 10% more likely.
我说可能性要高 10%。
Neil(尼尔)
Which was, I'm afraid, the wrong answer. It was actually 35%.
恐怕，这是错误的答案。实际上是 35%。
Beth(贝丝)
Wow. OK. Well, let's recap the vocabulary we've learnt, starting with trauma, which is what we call the very bad and long-lasting emotional effects of an event or experience.
If you're struck by an idea or something someone has said, you find it particularly interesting or impressive.
如果你被某人所说的某个想法或某事所打动，你会觉得它特别有趣或令人印象深刻。
Beth(贝丝)
If a community reknits together, it becomes closer again. And a close-knit community is where everyone looks after each other.
如果一个社区重新团结在一起，它就会再次变得更加紧密。而一个紧密联系的社区是每个人都互相照顾的地方。
Neil(尼尔)
Resilient means able to get better more easily when bad things happen.
韧性意味着当坏事发生时，能够更容易地变得更好。
Beth(贝丝)
A silver lining is a positive thing that comes from a negative situation.
一线希望是来自消极情况的积极事物。
Neil(尼尔)
And we can describe challenges or difficult things in life as hurdles.
我们可以将生活中的挑战或困难的事情描述为障碍。
Beth(贝丝)
Once again, our six minutes are up, but why not try the interactive quiz on our website to test what you've learned, and we have a free worksheet as well. Just visit bbclearningenglish.com.
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