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四级的知识

发布者: pls890429 | 发布时间: 2012-3-22 10:18| 查看数: 1828| 评论数: 2|

一、听力考核的内容、题型和答题方式

听力理解部分测试学生获取口头信息的能力。录音材料用标准的英式或美式英语朗读,语速约为每分钟130词。听力部分分值比例为35%,其中对话占15%,短文占20%.考试时间为35分钟。各部分测试内容、题型和所占分值比例如下表所示。(略)

二、听力考核的语言技能及要求

听力理解部分考核学生获取口头信息的能力,包括理解主旨大意、重要事实和细节、隐含意义,判断话语的交际功能、说话人的观点、态度等。听力理解部分考核的技能是:

A.理解中心思想和重要细节

1)理解中心思想

2)听懂重要的或特定的细节

3)判断说话人的观点、态度等

B.理解隐含的意思

4)推论隐含的意义来源:

5)判断话语的交际功能

C.借助语言特征理解听力材料

6)辨别语音特征,如从连续的话语中辨别语音、理解重音和语音语调等

7)理解句间关系,如比较、原因、结果、程度、目的等

大学英语四级考试听力理解部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的一般要求,即“能听懂英语授课,能听懂日常英语谈话和一般性题材讲座,能基本听懂慢速英语节目,语速为每分钟130词左右,能掌握其中心大意,抓住要点。能运用基本的听力技巧帮助理解。”

时间安排:

8:50-9:10 考试前准备

9:10 写作文

9:35-9:55 发放快速阅读

9:55-10:00 收答题卡一,准备听力

10:00 开始听力,结束后完成剩余考项

11:20 结束

一、短对话

对于绝大多数英语学习者来说,从刚接触英语听力考试开始就有短对话这种最常见、最固定的题型。短对话共有8个题目,占卷面总分的8%。该部分一般是日常生活中的对话,即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、生活等话题。

短对话具有如下特点:

对话是一男一女的形式,每人说一句,然后提问,卷面只有选项,没有问题;美式英语发音和英式英语发音的混合对话。

短对话按题型分类主要有地点题、人物关系或身份职业题、数字计算题、请求和建议题、判断推理题、因果关系题、词汇和习惯用语理解题、观点态度题等。

在做这部分题目的时候,除了要有扎实的听力基本功之外,还要掌握一定的方法。

1.熟悉常考场景及常用词汇

大学英语四级听力短对话的场景每年都是比较固定的,在相同的场景中会使用到相同或相近的词汇,因此如果掌握了这些场景中的常用词汇,这对于提高听力理解能力起着非常重要的作用。

四级对话中常涉及的场景包括:诊所或医院(clinic or hospital)、 餐馆(restaurant)、 学校或校园(school or campus)、书店 (bookstore)、火车站 (railway station)、 机场 (airport)、 图书馆 (library)、 邮局(post office)、 银行(bank)、 旅馆 (hotel)等。

2.预览选项,预测谈话内容,抓住重点

最重要的是好好把握播音之前的时间,我们应该利用好这段时间来阅读选项。阅读选项的过程中要注意以下两个方面的问题。

首先,根据选项预测对话内容和提问内容。通过四个选项的对比和对关键词的研究,我们就会预测出对话的内容和将要提问到的问题,在听的过程中就会抓住重点,解答试题就会事半功倍。

【典型例题】(2006年6月)

12.A) The woman does her own housework.

B) The woman needs a housekeeper.

C) The woman’s house is in a mess.

D) The woman works as a housekeeper.

显而易见,此题是有关housework的问题,因为四个选项中分别出现了does housework, needs housekeeper, house mess, work as housekeeper;由此推断此题是关于做家务方面的一个谈话,在听这则对话时,就可以轻而易举地对号入座了。

其次,根据选项确定提问的人物对象。短对话是一男一女的形式,通过对选项的分析我们就可以确定提问内容是关于男士的谈话内容还是女士的谈话内容,从而在听的过程中会有所侧重。

【典型例题】(2007年6月)

14.A) He quit teaching in June.

B) He has left the army recently.

C) He opened a restaurant near the school.

D) He has taken over his brother's business.

通过对选项的分析可知,四个选项的主语都是he,因此提问的内容集中在男士的回答上,在听的过程中要重点听男士所说的内容。

二、长对话

长对话虽然也采用两人日常对话的形式,但是与短对话有很大的区别。长对话不仅字数大幅增多,约200~300单词,而且在难度上也大大提高。短对话涉及的只是一个“点”,而长对话涉及的则是一个“面”。短对话的答案一般是“显而易见”的,而长对话涉及的内容更深入,它有一个“中心议题”,中心议题正是该“面”的凝聚点,对话双方都是围绕中心而展开话题。

按题材分类,长对话主要有社会生活类、人物故事及其历史类、科普知识类和文化教育类。

按照题型分类,长对话主要有细节题和推理判断题。长对话大部分都是细节题,命题点常常是对话中所谈论的某个时间、地点、原因、事件等。当然,题目的正确选项与对话内容中的某些字词完全相同的还是属于少数,细节题主要以答案是对话细节的同义转述为主。正确选项不再是对话中某个细节的再现,而是换了一种形式来表达,它们是对话中某个细节的同义转述。因此考生即使听到了对话中的某个细节,还得注意它的其他表达方式,比如近义转换、句型转换等。推理题在长对话中所占比例较小,每一套题中可能涉及两、三题。推理题是相对较难的一种题型,需要考生对某个细节有深层次的理解。由于推理不是凭空进行,而是建立在细节的基础上的合乎逻辑的推断,因此考生有必要捕捉对话的细节,找到与需要推理的相关部分,及时做笔记,还要综合问题加以分析,这样才能选出正确的答案来。

长对话和短对话的不同特点也对我们的答题方法和答题技巧提出了不同的要求,以下两点需要注意。

1.预览选项,预测主题

虽然长对话的篇幅增加,但我们要看到它的另外一面,其透露出的信息比短对话内容更完整,情景更具体。所以,预览长对话的题目选项就变得尤为重要。一篇长对话通常有三至四个题目,每个题目四个选项。当我们浏览完四个题目后面的选项后,基本上就能够推测出文章的主题和谈论的内容。这对于我们接下来的听力理解很有帮助。

在浏览选项时,我们应当充分利用录音播放之前的空当时间把每个选项的关键词划出来,以便在听完录音开始选题时节省反应时间,快速选出正确答案。

【典型例题】(2006年6月)

22.A) She’s worried about the seminar.

B) The man keeps interrupting her.

C) She finds it too hard.

D) She lacks interest in it.

23.A) The lecturers are boring.

B) The course is poorly designed.

C) She prefers philosophy to English.

D) She enjoys literature more.

24. A) Karen’s friend.B) Karen’s parents.C) Karen’s lecturers.D) Karen herself.

25.A) Changing her major.

B) Spending less of her parent’s money.

C) Getting transferred to the English Department.

D) Leaving the university.

看完前面的第22题至第25题,我们可以从22题里面出现的单词seminar,23题里面出现的单词lecture、course,24题里面的单词major等猜测出该长对话的题材是文化教育类,内容可能是学生对某个专业或科目的兴趣问题。

2.捕捉信息,速记要点

由于篇幅的增加,短时间内记住这么多的内容难度非常大。所以在听录音的时候养成做笔记的习惯至关重要。由于听力考试的答案都会在最后转涂到答题卡上,原试卷上可以随意的做标记而不会影响得分。为了节省时间,避免分心,可以把笔记就写在考试试卷的相关题目旁边空白处。笔记主要记下长对话中的关键词和关键信息。同时我们要学会用自己熟悉的符号或缩写把与题干有紧密联系的信息简要记下来,将诸如年、月、日、星期、时间、年龄、价码等数字和关键词尽量记下来,并做好必要的换算,对于人命和地名可以记下首字母或汉字,长句则抓住主要内容,这对于提高正确率大有帮助。

综上所述,可以把这部分的解题要领概括为如下步骤:

(1)先看选项,预测内容及问题;

(2)抓住对话开头部分以及对话的提问方的问题,理解对话内容核心;

(3)扼要记录,以助辨认事实;

(4)抓住对话结尾部分,弄清对话结果;

(5)运用常识,做出合理推断;听清问题,避免“答非所问”。

四级听力中短对话共计8道题目,对应8个短对话;长对话共计7道,对应2个长对话。其中,以下主题或场景中的词汇和短语在历史上均反复出现过。在最后的时间,对它们再次熟悉,一定会对今年的听力对话类题目有所帮助。

重点场景词汇短语分析(必备+必背)

一、机场(飞机上) 重点

1.机场地点

Security check(安检处) Gate(登机口) Terminal (航站楼)

Check-in counter (换票柜台) Customs (海关)

2. 机场人物

Airhostess/stewardess (空姐) steward (空哥、空少) flight attendant (飞机乘务员)

3. 飞机动作

Take off/land (起飞、降落) ascend/descend(上升、下降)

postpone/delay/cancel (推迟、延迟、取消)

最近题目例句:

(2007-12)

I hope you are packed and ready to leave. (我希望你已经打包完毕准备出发了)

I have packed my passport in one of my bags. (我把护照装在一个包里了)

二、餐厅 重点

1.点菜:

Order menu wine list (酒单) alcohol steak French Fries (薯条)

2. 埋单:

Check the bill please!(埋单!) Treat (请客) split the bill (分开付)

三、酒店 次重点

最新考点(2007-6/12)

Reservation (高频词,预定) honeymoon suite (07年6月词汇,蜜月套间)

hotel clerk (07年6月词汇,等于receptionist) discount (07年6月词汇, 折扣)

free continental breakfast (07年6月词汇,免费的清淡早餐)

四、图书馆 重点

1.书籍:journal 学术类刊物 (08-6)

原句:did you check the pile of the journals you borrowed for the library the other day?

(你查过那一摞头几天从图书馆借来的学刊了么?)

volume 卷 current/back issue 现/过刊 periodical 期刊

2.人物:librarian 图书管理员

重点主题短语词汇分析(必备+必背)

Campus life 校园生活

1. 作业词汇:assignment paper essays book/research report composition 作文

textbook教科书/reference book参考书(07-6) copy 副本

搭配词汇还有:be through with sth 结束,完成(两次考到)

due 到期 have sb's hands full with sth 忙于做某事(07-12)

2. 课程形式词汇:

Seminar(06-6、07年6月词汇,研讨会) 原句: do you have the seminar schedule with you?

(你有研讨会的日程表么?)

optional course/elective (选修课) evening/day course (晚间/白天课程 09-12词汇)

compulsory course/requirement (必修课) presentation (多次考到,展示或演示课)

09-12出现的一些新课程名称:

advanced physics (高级物理) data processing (数据处理)

computer programming (计算机程序)

3 名称

freshman(大一) sophomore(大二) junior(大三) senior(大四)(05年考点)

graduate(毕业生) undergraduate (在校生,本科生) postgraduate (研究生)

tutor(导师) graduate school (研究生院)

Job hunting 求职 (长对话重点)

Job applicant candidate (06-6、08-12 候选人) apply for application

Position/post (多次考到。职位) resume (简历,注意发音,多次考到)

recruit (连续考到。招聘) reputation(声望。06-6/09-12出现)

resign (退休,多次考到)

benefit (package) (福利,两次考到) paid vacation (带薪假期)

social security (美国的社会保险) relocation expenses (异地补偿费用)

phased retirement (08-12 阶段性退休) be laid off (解雇 09-12考点)

hotel consultant (08-6 酒店咨询) sales manager(08-12 销售经理)

Administrative work (08-12 行政工作)

2008-6

the job will involve much train travel (工作中会经常有火车旅行的机会)

tell me about your present job...

2008-12

There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales manager's job. And finally

it was down to three of us, but the other two seemed better qualified(合格).

(20个候选人竞争销售经理的职位。最后就剩我们三个了,不过那两个人看起来胜算更大。)

promotion(09-6/12连续考到)

09-6 I heard about your promotion, you must be thrilled.(我听说你升职了,你开心死了吧)

not really, the new office is huge,but the work load has doubled.

(也不见得,新办公室挺大的,但是工作量也翻倍了)

09-12 Aren’t you disappointed that you didn’t get the promotion?

听力概况

  在四六级考试中,听力部分从2006年6月起由过去20%的比例上升为35%,是所有部分中唯一比例上涨的题目。(阅读从过去的40%下降到目前的35%,而过去词汇和结构部分已经取消。)有消息称,国家四六级出题委员会即将在2012年左右全面推行计算机四六级考试。其中,听力部分将达到70%的内容。在现行的四六级笔考中,听力部分的比例和题型完全一致,但是在长度、词汇选择难度、主题的深度上都有差别。另外,四六级听力部分的语速并没有明显差别,均维持在90—100词/每分钟。语音为美音主导之下的美音与英音的混合。

  听力题目构成与比例

  小对话: 8% 选择题 共8道对话,每题长约1分钟

  长对话: 7% 选择题 共2段对话,每段长约3分钟

  听力短文: 10% 选择题 共3篇文章,每篇长约3分钟

  复合式听写:10% 听写填空 填8个单词和三句话,放音三遍,共计8分钟

  听力位于考试的卷二部分,共占全卷35%。

  听力选择题目的一般性做题规律

 小对话:视听反向原则、同义替换原则。

  视听反向原则是指,在小对话的题目中,当你发现被读到的单词或短语在选项中明显出现的时候,此选项更容易是错的。同义替换是指,若发现选项中的单词和短语是听力原文中出现的同义和近义替换,则选项容易为正确。

  例题:

  2006年6月四级考试第9题

  A.Helen is talkative B. Helen is active C. Helen is sociable D. Helen is quite

  原文:

  M:We’ve got three women researchers in our group, Mary, Betty and Helen. Do you know them?

  W: Sure, Mary is active and sociable. Betty is the most talkative woman I’ve ever met. But guess what?Helen is just the opposite.

  Q: what do we know from the conversation?

  解析:可以明显看出,本题的答案为D.其中,另外三项的形容词都被读到,而quite恰好是talkative与opposite组合的一个同义替换。

  例题:

  2008年12月四级考试第17题

  A) She wants to get some sleep. B) She needs time to write a paper.

  C) She has a literature class to attend. D) She is troubled by her sleep problem.

  原文:

  M: How about joining me for a cup of coffee?

  W: I'd love to, but I'm exhausted.(疲惫) I was up till 3 this morning writing a paper for my literature class.

  Q: Why does the woman decline the man's invitation?

  解析:准确答案A。用来替换I'm exhausted(疲倦),同义替换,听到的慎选。

 长对话和短文听力:视听基本一致原则

  视听基本一致的含义是指,听到的原文和看到的选项若基本一致,则选项容易为正确选择。这一点和短对话的原则恰恰相反,请考生一定注意。

  例题:

  2007年12月四级考试第2道长对话:

  23. A)She is thirsty for promotion. C)She is tired of her present work.

  B)She wants a much higher salary. D)She wants to save travel expenses.

  24. A)Translator. C)Language instructor.

  B)Travel agent. D)Environmental engineer.

  25. A)Lively personality and inquiring mind.

  B)Communication skills and team spirit.

  C)Devotion and work efficiency.

  D)Education and experience.

  答案:CAD

  原文:

  W:Oh! I’m fed up with my job!(第一次作对第23题的机会,be fed up with sth/sb意思为厌倦某事或某人)

  M:Hey!There’s a perfect job for you in the paper today. You might be interested.

  W:Oh?What is it?What do they want?

  M:Wait a minute…Ah,here it is. The European Space Agency. It’s recruiting translators.(第24题。视听基本一致)

  W:The European Space Agency?

  M:Well,That is what it says. They need an English translator(第24题。视听基本一致) to work from French or German.

  W:So they need a degree in French or German,I suppose. Well,I’ve got that. What’s more? I’ve plenty of experience. What else are they asking for?

  M:Just that.. A university degree,and 3 or 4 years experience as a translator in a professional environment. They also say,the person should have a lively and inquiring mind,effective communication skills,and the ability to work individually,or as a part of the team.(第25题AB项同时被读到,于是就都错了。本句含义为,他们同时说,这个人需要有活泼好学的性格,有效的交流技巧,既有个人能力又可以成为团队一员。)

  W:Well,if I stay on my present job much longer,I won’t have any mind or skills left.(作对第23题的第二次机会) By the way,what about the salary?I just hope it isn’t lower than what I get now.

  M:It’s said to be negotiable. It depends on the applicant’s education and experience.(最后被读到,第25题准确答案。视听基本一致) In addition to basic salary,there’s a list extra benefits. Have a look yourself.

  W:Em…travel and social security plus relocation expenses are paid. Hey,this isn’t bad,I really want the job.

  Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard:

  23. Why is the woman trying to find a new job?

  24. What position is being advertised in the paper?

  25. What are the key factors that determine the salary of the new position?

  例题:

  2007年12月四级考试第一篇短文听力

  26. A)They care a lot about children.

  B)They need looking after in their old age.

  C)They want to enrich their life experience.

  D)They want children to keep them company.

  27.A)They are usually adopted from distant places.

  B)Their birth information is usually kept secret.

  C)Their birth parents often try to conceal their birth information.

  D)Their adoptive parents don’t want them to know their birth parents.

  28. A)They generally hold bad feeling towards their birth parents.

  B)They do not want to hurt the feelings of their adoptive parents.

  C)They have mixed feelings about finding their natural parents.

  D)They are fully aware of the expenses involved in the search.

  29. A)Early adoption makes for closer parent-child relationship.

  B)Most people prefer to adopt children from overseas.

  C)Understanding is the key to successful adoption.

  D)Adoption has much to do with love.

  答案:A B C D

  原文:来源:考试大

  When couples get married,they usually plan to have children,Sometimes,however,a couple can not have a child of their own. In this case,they may decide to adopt a child. In fact,adoption is very common today. There are about 60,000 adoptions each year in the United States alone. Some people prefer to adopt infants. Others adopt older children. Some couples adopt children from their own families,they all adopt children for the same reason. They care about children(第26题) and want to give their adopted child a happy life.

  Most adopted children know that they are adopted. Psychologists and childcare experts generally think this is a good idea. However,many adopted children or adoptees have very little information about their biological parents. As a matter of fact,it is often very difficult for adoptees to find out about their birth parents because the birth records of most adoptees are usually sealed. The information is secret,(第27题)so no one can see it.

  Naturally,adopted children have different feelings about their birth parents. Many adoptees want to search for them,but others do not. The decision to search for birth parents is a difficult one to make.Most adoptees have mixed feelings about finding their biological parents. (第28题)Even though adoptees do not know about their natural parents,they do know that their adoptive parents want them,love them and will care for them.

  Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you’ve just heard.

  26.According to the speaker,why do some couples adopt children?

  27.Why is it difficult for adoptees to find out about their birth parents?

  28.Why do many adoptees find it hard to make the decision to search for their birth parents?

  29.What can we infer from the passage?

  考生需要注意:

  版面所限,我们将在下期内容中继续介绍复合式听写需要注意的事项。前边提到的对话题目和短文题目都被称之为听力理解题目,大部分中国同学在传统英语学习中习惯更多使用眼睛而非耳朵,所以,即便是一眼即可看懂的单词和短语,耳朵却无法分辨。另外,在听力过程中一旦出现听不懂或模糊的情况,请勿紧张。因为难点的部分和模糊的部分反而不会出题。听力重要,但是注意力和定力耐力也很重要。由于听力题目大部分只放音一遍,这要求考生时刻保证边看边听的同步进行。其实,提高的根本依然在于时间和精力的付出。给耳朵多少时间,就等于在听力上有多少进步。

  本期七个听力多义词汇()

  很多形状简单的词汇经常在四级听力中变化出一些你意想不到的含义,这需要大家特别注意:

  Paper

  在听力考题中,它最常见的含义是:论文。其次是报纸。相反,作为“纸”的原始含义很少见到。I was up till 3 this morning writing a paper for my literature class.(论文。2008年12月第17题)

  What position is being advertised in the paper? (报纸。2007年12月第25题)

  Treat

  原始含义为对待,但是听力中更喜欢考“请客”的含义。

  You treated me last weekend, now it’s my turn. (2003年1月第1题)

  Jam

  请注意,“果酱”不是重点含义,traffic jam (堵车)才是更常见的考点。

  Charge

  1) 收费。I have to charge you 150 pounds for on night.(2006年12月第1道长对话原文)

  2) 负责。I am in charge of a team of 8 brokers(经纪人). (2006年6月第1道长对话原文)

  Present

  “礼物”的含义早已不是考点。目前喜欢考及物动词“展示,表达和呈现”。另外,变成名词presentation 之后,其含义为演讲和展示,是一种很常见的校园课程形式。

  Its goals were to educate, share ideas and present Indiana’s best products. (2007年12月第3篇听力原文)

  Commercial

  请注意,它的名词含义是“广告”。

  Let

  请看这句话:I have a room to let.(1998年第10题原文)

  含义:我有一间房子出租。注意:rent是指租进来,而let是租出去。

复合式听写攻略:应试技巧

1. 提前熟悉内容,了解文章大意,为捕捉正确信息提供足够线索。

  为了提高复合式听写的答题准确率,在四级考试的备考阶段,考生就应对复合式听写的考试指令部分(directions)非常熟悉,这样在考试时考生就可以利用播放考场指令的时间提前熟悉文章内容,尽可能全面地掌握有关文章大意的信息,并根据空格的位置和上下文信息推断第一部分所缺单词的词性和可能的内容以及第二部分横线上所缺的内容。此外,复合式听写的文章多为说明文,第一句话往往是文章的主题句,且不设空,因此考生可以通过这句话了解文章的主题。

  例如:2008年6月四级试题复合式听写的第一句话是"We’re now witnessing the emergence of the advanced economy based on information and knowledge."(我们正在见证建立在信息和知识基础上的现代经济的出现),这句话就是文章的大意。再看文章的第二句话"Physical (36) ___, raw materials, and capital are no longer the key (37) ____ in the creation of wealth."(体力劳动

、原材料和资本不再是创造财富的重要因素)。我们不听录音,也可以判断出第36小题的答案可能是"labor"(劳动),第37小题的答案可能是"factors"(因素),这和正确答案"labor"和"ingredients"(factor的近义词)相差无几。经过这样的推断之后再听录音就很容易锁定正确答案。



2. 提前明确每一遍录音播放时的应试重点,为正确记录信息提供心理优势。

  考生在考试之前对复合式听写应试过程中什么时间做什么事都应该有个科学的设计,做到心中有数。考生在考前应该明确:在播放第一遍录音时,要以听为主,写为辅。把注意力集中在听上,以免造成信息的遗漏。在听第二遍录音时应该听写结合,重要的是耳、手、脑并用,综合运用多种速记手段,把听到的信息尽可能全面地记录下来。第三遍注意力又回到听上,用来核对已记录的信息的准确性,并补全第二遍没有记下来的信息。考生在考试前就明确这一点是至关重要的,否则在考试时就会乱了阵脚。

3. 录音播放中要沉着、冷静、自信,确保听得全面、准确。

  通过上述两项工作,考生已为正确记录所缺信息做了较充分的准备,在心理上已占据优势,因此应试过程只是上述第二项既定"战略方针"的实施阶段。在实施既定"战略方针"的过程中,考生应注意两点:一是要有充分的信心,既然已经做了充分的准备,就应该"艺高人胆大";二是要沉着、冷静,精力要高度集中,即使在第一、二遍录音播放时有没有听清楚的信息,也不要着急,跳过该信息,把注意力集中在下面的内容上,待第三遍录音播放时再进行查漏补缺。



4. 综合运用速记技巧,提高记录的速度和准确性。

  在听懂的基础上,能否把需要的信息正确地记录下来非常关键。因为时间有限,要把听到的所需录音文字一字不漏地写下来几乎是不可能的,这就需要掌握速记的方法和技巧。对于第一部分的单词,可用省略法。省略方法不拘一格,只要自己能回顾起来是哪个单词即可。例如:2008年6月四级试题第37、39题和第41题较长的单词"ingredients"、"individuals"和"figures"分别可用"ingdt"、"indiv"和"fig"来代替。对于第二部分的句子也是如此,例如:2008年6月四级试题第46小题所缺信息的录音为"Don’t expect the companies will provide you with a clearly defined career path."可记录为"not exp comy pr career path."事后再补全即可。



5. 充分利用语法、逻辑和上下文信息进行验证,以确保所记录的每条信息都有充分的依据。

  当播放完三遍录音之后,为了确保不丢冤枉分,需要对所记录的答案进行检查验证,看所填写的答案是否符合语法、逻辑和上下文语境,确保不出现笔误。对于没有太大把握的答案也要通过语法、逻辑和上下文语境进行推断。在确保所记录的答案没有错误后,再把答案清清楚楚地誊写在答题卡上。

  从某种意义上来说,以上所述应试技巧只是"应急"措施。考生要想在四级考试中取得理想的成绩,需要平时多积累基础知识并多进行听写训练,为夺取四级考试的最终胜利奠定坚实的基础。

英语四级听力60个必考习语

1、表方位。

Let's go to the restaurant across the street and get something to eat.

让我们去街对面的餐馆买些吃的。

2、表动作,穿越。

You must go across the bridge and then turn right.

你必须先过桥,然后再往右拐。

2、age

1、年龄。最一般的表达。在此不赘述。

2、衰老。

the aging people = the old people

现代社会出现越来越严重的aging problem (人口老龄化问题)等。

3、all

1、shake all over浑身颤抖

2、all of a sudden突然地

All of a sudden, I remembered her name.我突然想起了她的名字。

3、by all means一定

I'll come by all means.我一定会来的。

4、all night long整晚

My present neighbor plays piano all night long.我现在的邻居整晚都弹钢琴。

4、apply

这里我们详细串联一下在听力考试中涉及到的与求职相关的短语。

apply for (申请),这是工作的第一步;既然要申请,必然需要递交letter of application (求职信),只要你足够confident about yourself,就有可能获得job interview (工作面试)的机会。是否能够give a good impression (留个好印象)给主管,那就得看你个人犄造化了。

有些工作岗位会require much traveling,(要求经常出差)还有些工作,做不了多久就会希望find a way out (找到出路)。

正所谓城里城外,各有风光。没工作的人想工作,有工作的人又烦工作。

5、as

1、作为,当作。

I am working as his teaching assistant.我作为他的助教进行工作。

2、as…as就像……一样

I've heard that he is as well-known as Johnson herself.我听说他跟约翰生本人自己一样著名。

I don't think it would be as boring as working in an office.

我并不认为这会跟在办公室工作一样枯燥。

It wasn't as easy as I had thought.这不像我想的那么简单。

It's not as bad as it looks.这并不像看上去的那么糟糕。

Is that optional course as hard as everybody says?

那个选修课真的就像每个人说的那样难吗ייַ

3、as far as I know据我所知

As far as I know, whether there'll be such a trip is yet to be decided.

据我所知,是否有这么一趟旅行尚未决定。

As far as I know, he works until midnight every day.

据我所知,他每天都工作到半夜。

4、as well也

If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis outside.

如果明天温度还是这么高,我们也可能放弃到户外进行比赛的主意。

1、as soon as一……就,尽快

I will do that for you as soon as I have fixed the machine.

一修好机器我就会尽快为你完成那个工作。

6、awfully

非常地,相当地。在口语中用于表程度的比例十分高。

awfully nervous相当紧张;awfully cold相当冷;awfully sorry十分抱歉

Tom looks awfully nervous.汤姆看上去相当紧张。

I am awfully sorry. I didn't mean to hurt you.十分抱歉。我不想伤害你的。

7、be bound to

肯定,注定

The movie starts in 5 minutes and there's bound to be a long line.

电影还有5分钟就开始了□现在那里肯定排着长队。

8、be tired of

厌烦。当一个人感到厌烦的时候,也是最容易lose one's temper (生气)的时候。

I'm tired of movies about romantic stories.我已经彻底厌烦了电影中的浪漫故事。

9、be worn out

1、筋疲力尽,这个表达不太正式,多用于口语。

I'm usually worn out at the end of the day.在一天快结束时我时常觉得很累。

2、破旧不堪。

My soles were worn out after a long time trip.经过长时间的旅行,我的鞋底已经破旧不堪。

10、better

1、'd better最好是

I'd better read one of the articles for the class.我最好还是为上课读篇文章准备一下。

I think you'd better find another partner.我想你最好还是另找一个搭档吧。

2、make it better让……更好

I'd rewrite the last two paragraphs to make it better.我已经重写了最后两段以使它更好。

3、be better更好些

I told you it would be better for you if you took fewer courses during the first semester.

我告诉过你如果你在第一个学期少选一些课程会比较好一些。

11、bill

1、账单,买单。

I will pay the bill this time because last time you did it.这次我来买单,因为上次是你。

2、提案。

We all passed the bill on yesterday's board meeting.

在昨天的董事会上我们全票通过该提案。

3、纸币。

Here's a 10-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight's show please.

这是一张10美元的纸币,请给我两张今晚演出的票,谢谢。

12、book

1、书。本意,简单名词。

2、预定,订购。 be booked up被预定空了;booking office售票处

All the morning flights have been booked up.所有明早的飞机票都预定光了。

13、briefing

1、简介。会议之前,总要有一个项目叫做Give a briefing.

Mrs. Lung's briefing seems to go on forever. Lung女士的简报似乎没完没了。

2、news / press briefing新闻发布会

14、change

1、改变,更改。这是该词的基本意思,看两个例子回顾一下。

I'd love to see a different type of movie for a change.我想换换口味,看场不同类型的电影。

I'll have to get my ticket changed.我必须得更改我的票。

2、零钱。这是在口语中经常使用的意思。

Two tickets and here's a dollar forty cents change.这是两张票以及一美元四十美分的找零。

Jane, do you have some change? I have to make a call on the pay phone.

Jane,你有零钱吗?我想在公用电话亭打个电话。

15、check

1、检查。基本意思。check our baggage检查行李

Could you check for me who borrowed it?你能帮我查查是谁借走了吗?

Did you check the power plug and press the play button?

你是否检查了电源插头并按了播放键了呢?

2、登机台。check-in counter

Is this the check-in counter for Flight 914 to Los Angeles?

这是飞往洛杉矶的914号航班的登机台吗?

3、询问。check on it问问看

Maybe I should call to check on it.也许我应该打个电话问问看。

4、支票。

Sign the check.签这张支票。

16、copy

1、一本,一份。a copy of口语中经常使用。

I'd like to buy a copy of Professor Franklin's book On American Culture.

我想买本富兰克林教授写的关于美国文化的书。

Would you like a copy of professor Smith's article?

你想要份史密斯教授的文章吗?

2、复印。简单动词。

Could you copy this article for me?你能为我拷贝一下这篇文章吗?

17、count

1、数数。

She is counting the days.她每天都在数着日子。

2、指望。count on依赖

We'll have to count on good weather.我们不得不指望一个好天气。

18、cover

1、封面。hard cover精装书,与hard back book同意。另外,每个娱乐杂志的封面都免不了会有一位漂亮时尚的cover figure (封面人物)。

The hard cover is on sale for the same price as the paperback this week in the bookshop.

在书店,这些精装本与平装本价格相同。

2、读完,完成。

I think we've covered everything.我认为我们完成所有事情了。

I just covered a few chapters which interested me most.我只读完了自己最感兴趣的几章。

19、crossword puzzle

纵横字谜,一种填字游戏。既可以entertain oneself (自我娱乐),也是一种不错的智力训练。

This is not a game. It's only a crossword puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.

这不是游戏。这只是可以帮助我提高单词量的一种纵横字谜。

20、drama

戏剧。这是一种西方的艺术形式。四级听力中曾经多次出现。其他的艺术形式还有TV play (电视剧),soap opera (肥皂剧),concert (音乐会)……

Some people just can't seem to appreciate real-life drama.

有些人似乎不愿意欣赏真实生活的戏剧表演。

21、drop

1、拜访。drop by

I wonder if you can drop by tomorrow evening.我想知道你能否在明晚过来。

1、载人一程。

I'm going home, but I can drop you at the supermarket.我要回家,但我可以载你到超市。

2、忘掉,放弃。drop it

We can drop it this time. But don't do it again.这次我们可以算了,但下次不要再犯。

I have to drop it this time.我这次不得不放弃。

22、drunk driving

酒后驾驶。在四级听力中出现,一般都是作为traffic accident (交通事故)的主要原因之一。

I think it's high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now.

我认为这是我们必须重视酒后驾驶的危险性的时候了。

23、expect

愿意“期待,期望”。

Nobody expects you to be a superstar.没有人指望你会成为超级明星。

引申意思为“等待,预期”。

The lecture was much more difficult to follow than I had expected.

这个演讲比我预期的要难懂多了。

Mr. Smith is expecting you at 3 o'clock.史密斯先生等待着你三点钟到来。

24、extremely

使用频率非常高,不亚于very,这个东西extremely expensive。

The speech the blind girl gave this evening was extremely moving.

今晚那个盲的女孩的演讲非常感人。

25、film

1、电影。最常见用语。

2、胶卷。

ran out of film胶卷用完;a roll of film一卷胶卷;develop the film冲洗胶卷,说成wash就完蛋了。

3、拍摄。

film the river bank拍摄河岸景致

26、gains and losses

得与失。

Think about the gains and losses before you make the decision.

在你做出决定之前,一定要好好想想得与失。

27、give

1、give sb a ride请某人搭便车

Could you give me a ride to school tomorrow?你明天能载我一程去学校吗?

2、give sb a hand帮助某人

Can you give me a hand, Mike?麦克,你能帮我一下吗?

3、give sb a ring打电话给某人

I need to give Mum a ring and tell her I will not be back for dinner.

我要给妈妈打电话告诉她不回去吃晚饭了。

28、go

1、go broke破产;身无分文

2、go for a ride乘车外出

My sister wanted to go for a ride around town.我的姐姐想乘车去镇上转一转。

3、go Dutch各付各的

4、go ahead向前进;继续下去

Go ahead, please.请继续向前进。

5、go on forever永远继续下去

Mrs. Lung's briefing seems to go on forever.郎女士的演说似乎没完没了。

6、go against不顺心

Oh, yes, but not a thing to go against me.

哦,是啊,没有什么不顺心的事情发生在我身上。

7、go over复习,温习

I've have to go over my notes for tomorrow's midterm.

我不得不为明天的期中考试复习笔记。

29、item

1、物品。I want to move a few heavy items into the car.我想把一些很重要的东西搬进车里。

2、项,东西。如果填表(fill in a form),就必然有many items to write。

3、指代工作。

What about a cup of coffee before we move onto the next item?

在进入下一个议程前要不要来杯咖啡。

30、keep

1、keep in touch (with)保持联系

But we'll keep in touch.但是我们会保持联系的。

Do you still keep in touch with your parents regularly after you leave them?

你离开父母以后还仍然与他们继续保持经常的联系吗?

2、keep an eye on看守。

31、laundry

该词本意是指洗衣店。但是在听力中,会用来借指洗衣服的工作。

比如,There's a lot of laundry to do.有很多衣服要洗。

32、look

该词本身作为一个基本动词并无什么难度,但是它频频在听力中出现的各种用法我们不得不掌握一下。

1、看上去。

You look great.你看上去气色很好。

You look awfully nervous.你看上去很紧张。

All of my clothes look so old and I can't afford something new.

我所有的衣服看上去都很旧,我买不起新的。

It's not as bad as it looks.它并没有看上去的糟。

2、查阅。look up查阅字典

1、希望。look forward to

2、寻找。 look for

Do you think we should try to call him or look for him?

你认为我们是打电话给他呢,还是去找他?

Have you seen a young gentleman looking for his wristwatch?

你见过一个寻找腕表的年轻人吗?

33、make

1、make an appointment预约

Why didn't you make an appointment to see the doctor last week?

你为什么上周不给医生打个预约电话。

2、make a call on the payphone打一个收费电话

3、make room for sb腾出位子给某人

Could you make room for the old lady?你能为这位老太太让个座吗?

4、make it达到,抵达,做到

But I'm afraid I can't make it.但是我恐怕做不到。

I'm afraid I can't make it before 7 o'clock.我恐怕在7点前没法到达。

34、mistake

1、错误。make a mistake

2、误认。这对双胞胎长得太像了,所以I often mistake one for another,并且无法tell them apart。

35、notice

1、通知。

Please wait for further notice.请注意进一步通知。

2、注意到。

Have you noticed anything wrong here?你注意到这里有什么问题吗?

36、offer

1、提供。公司提供工作职位给学生就是offer a job。国外大学提供奖学金即:offer scholarship。所以大家一般称国外大学的全额奖学金为offer。

I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family.

我拒绝了这份工作因为它要求频繁的出差。

They're offering me a job after I graduate.他们给我提供了一份毕业后的工作。

2、帮助。offer to help others乐于助人

37、order

1、命令。这是最基本用法,不赘述。

2、订购。

I haven't received the furniture I ordered yet.我还没有收到订购

How about the food I ordered?我订的饭菜如何?

餐厅服务用语:Can I take / serve your order?

3、秩序。 out of order比较乱,其反意为in order。

38、paint

1、油漆。

Did Henry paint the whole house himself?整栋房都是亨利自己漆的吗?

He had it painted.他找人刷了油漆。

2、绘画。

Can you tell me the title of this oil painting?你能告诉我这贴画油画的名字吗?

39、paper

1、论文。学期结束,学生难免会要被要求完成几篇papers。

How much time did you have for writing the paper?你写论文花了多少时间?

What's the teacher's comment on the student's paper?老师怎么评价这个学生的论文?

Are you sure you have corrected all the typing errors in this paper?

你确信论文中所有打印错误都更改了吗?

2、试卷。期中考试有mid-term paper,期末有term paper。因此,如果提到The paper was not as easy as we hope.就是考试卷子没有想象得那么容易之意了。

3、书面。与paper test书面考试(笔试)相对的就是oral test (口试)。固定搭配on paper也即表示“以书面形式”。

4、平装。a paper back book / paperback edition平装书,与hard back book / hard cover精装书相对。听力中会出现的情形是,在促销(on sale)期间,平装书和精装书一样的价格,这个时候大家当然会更愿意选择精装书了。

Do you have the paperback edition of this dictionary?这本字典有平装版吗?

5、新闻报纸。来源于newspaper。在日常用语中,直接用paper指代新闻报纸。

I'm calling about the three-bedroom house you advertised in yesterday's paper.

The paper says people tend to feel unwell if they sleep less than six hours a day.

I'd like to place an advertisement for a used car in this Sunday edition of your paper.

6、一般的纸张。该词最基本的意思。

I am looking for quality paper to type my essay.我在找高质量的纸来打印论文。

40、polish

修改,润色。对论文,对求职简历。

I spend so much time polishing my application letter.我花了很多时间润色我的申请文书。

41、print

1、打印。

Print this article out.把这份文件打印出来。

2、印刷。与publish相近,the printing industry就是印刷业,out of print绝版。

The book has been out of print for some time now.

3、用印刷体写。

I have printed my family name, first name, date of birth, and address.

我用印刷体写上了我的姓,名,生日和地址

42、quality

本意为名词“质量”,在听力中也常用作形容词,表示“高质量的”。如:quality life

I am looking for quality paper to type my essay.我在找高质量的纸来打印论文。

43、quote / quotation

原意“引用”,在听力中出现的意思是报价。

买东西询问报价?

What's your quotation? Can you quote for the new flat?

你的报价是多少?你能估计一下这套新公寓的价格吗?

44、realize

1、意识到。

I realize that I make a big mistake now.我意识到自己犯了大错。

2、实现。最常用的说法就是实现梦想,realize the dream。

45、run

1、着急。Why run?

当你正急匆匆地催你的慢性朋友去赶火车,他就可以回答“Why run?”跑什么。意思是不着急,时间还多着呢。

2、经营,运行。run one's own business经营某人自己的事业

The radio was running well, you needn't worry about it.收音机没问题,你不必担心。

You have to run your advertisement all week.你整周都得登广告。

3、运转时间。in the long run从长远来看

46、semester

这种表示“学期”的说法才是在口语听力中最为常见的。

I'm thinking of taking five courses next semester.我在考虑下个学期选修5门功课。

47、severe

1、严重的。车祸造成了严重的伤害(severe injuries)。

2、十分的,表程度。

We haven't had such a severe winter for so long, have we?

我们很久没有过如此寒冷的冬天了,是吗?

48、shelf

架子。主要用于指书架和货架,根据句子中的不同情境词汇来判断具体所指。

I don't see any on the shelf.架子上也没有

Here it is, on the upper shelf, next to Volume Two.在这,架子上层,在第二册旁边。

49、sign

1、签名。sign one's name

You just need to sign your name at the bottom.你只要在底下签名就行了。

2、标识。一般常指交通标识。在违反交通场景中出现较多。

I'm sorry. I didn't notice the sign.对不起,我没有注意到标识。

This is one-way street. Didn't you see the sign?这是单行道,难道你没看标识吗?

50、stay

1、stay up熬夜

You're always staying up late and working overtime.你总是熬夜到很晚并且过度工作。

I stayed up the whole night studying for my midterm math exam.

我为了我的期中数学考试熬了一整夜。

2、stay for dinner留下吃晚餐

3、stay awake保持清醒

I was barely able to stay awake.我几乎不能保持清醒。

51、suit

1、套装,衣服。

You look great in your new suit.你穿上新衣服后看上去棒极了。

I bought a good suit in a clothing store.我在衣服店里买了一套很好的套装。

2、一套公寓。这个意思必须根据后文来进行判断。

I bought a new suit in the central city this year.我今年在市中心买了套公寓。

3、适合。

I hope it will suit you, sir.我希望它能适合你,先生。

52、take

1、take a picture of给……照相

Could you take a picture of me with the lake in the background?

你能以湖为背景给我照张像吗?

2、take good care of好好照看

The man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my car.

修车库的人认为我非常爱惜自己的车。

53、tend to

倾向于,趋向于。

The paper says people tend to feel unwell if they sleep less than six hours a day.

报纸上说人如果每天睡眠少于6个小时将感到不舒服。

54、through

本意是穿越,穿过。在以下几个搭配中分别又有了不同的含义。

1、浏览。 read (straight) through

I'd better read it through again.我最好还是再通读一次。

I didn't read straight through the way you read a novel.

我不像你读小说那样从头到尾地浏览一遍。

2、结束、完成(工作) be (go) through

I had a hard time getting through this test.完成测验对我来说很难。

That only leaves us 15 minutes to go through the customs and check our baggage.

我们只有15分钟的时间来接受海关检查和行李检查。

After two sleepless nights, I'm finally through with it.

经过两个不眠之夜,我终于完成了。

3、接通。get sb through

Would you get me through to Dr. Lemon please?能帮我接通Lemon医生吗?

4、睡过了。sleep through

How could you sleep through it?你怎么能睡过头了呢?

5、播放出来。come through

The power indicator was on, and it was running, but somehow the sound didn't come through.

电源指示灯是亮的,并且正常工作,但是为什么声音就是出不来呢?

55、turn

1、拒绝。turn down

有人会因为频繁的公务旅行(frequent business trips)而turn down一份还不错的工作。

而当因为某些事情而拒绝别人的邀请(turn down one's invitation)时是最难以启齿的尴尬时刻,只能以I'd love to, but…等来搪塞。

1、转向,转移。 turn attention to转移注意力

56、volume

1、音量。

Would you please turn the volume of the music down?你能把音量调低点儿吗?

2、指书的卷,册。

I can't find Volume Ten.我找不到第10册书。

57、warm up

1、热身。正式开始进行剧烈运动前,我们都首先需要warm up。

I'm just going to do a few stretches to warm up.我去做点伸展运动,热热身。

2、暖和起来

The forecast says it's going to get worse before it warms up.

天气预报说在天气暖和起来以前还会先变得更糟糕。

58、worth

1、be worth doing sth值得做某事

Do you think it's worth seeing?你觉得那个值得一看吗?

2、be worthwhile to值得……

It's worthwhile to make the effort.进行这样的努力是值得的。

3、well-worth the time and trouble值得这时间与精力

I find lessons well-worth the time and trouble.我觉得这些课程值得好好学一下。

59、与no相关的习语

no bother to me对我而言没什么影响

nothing but除了

believe it or not信不信由你

do without不用;没有……也行

not at all一点也不

60、与时间相关的习语

all night long整晚

at the last minute拖到最后一刻

at the latest最迟

for the first time第一次

have a hard time度过困难时刻

in time及时

latest technology最新科技

quite a while有一阵子

wait until the last minute直到最后一刻

短语:

1) take a rain check 延期

2) lost count 弄不清楚

3) be in another world 精神恍惚;魂不守舍

4) make yourself at home 随意,随便

5) save your breath 省口气吧;别白费口舌了

6) make sense 有意义,理解

7) cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常昂贵

8) burn a hole in one's pocket 很快地被花光

9)fill one's shoes 很好地顶替;令人满意地替代

10)is ice cold 表示理所当然

11)like apples and oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物

12)wait until the last minute 直到最后一刻

13)lose one's train of 忘记

14)meet each other half way 相互妥协,让步

15)on the dot 准时;正点

16)once and for all 最后一次;干脆

17)out of earshot 不在听力所及范围

18)out of this world 非常好

19)play by ear 随机应变,视情形而定

20) ring a bell 令人想起某件事;听起来耳熟

21)share a common outlook 有共同的观点

22)six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 半斤八两;没什么区别

23)stick around 在附近逗留或等待

24)stick with 继续做,坚持

25)straighten out 扯平;结清

26)toss and turn (身体)翻来覆去(通常表示难以入睡)

27)turn one's back (在别人遇到困难时)不愿帮助

28)under the weather 身体不适,生病

29)bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂;心有余而力不足;不自量力;力不从心

30)break new ground 创新

31)do the trick 做成功;达到理想的结果

32)drag one's feet 行动缓慢;磨磨蹭蹭不情愿

33)draw the line 拒绝,拒不容忍

34)feel down in the dumps 心情不好;情绪低落

35)few and far between 不多;少而分散的;不常碰到或发现的;稀少的

36)fit as a fiddle 身体很健康

37)grin and bear 任劳任怨;毫无怨言地忍受

38)hit the spot (特指吃了食物,喝了饮料之后)精神完全恢复过来或感到满足;恢复精力;提精神

39)keep between the two of us 不让第三者知道,保密

40)know a thing or two about 略知一二

大学英语四级考试作文预测

预测作文(一)

College Students’Living Condition

1. 反应大学生生存状况的词语从“蜗居”、“蚁族”到“鼠族”,不断涌现。

2. 对于这种现象,你有什么看法?

预测作文(三)

Food Safety

1. 食品安全问题令人担忧。

2. 对此,你有什么看法(可从蔬菜、水果滥用农药、激素方面分析)?

预测作文(四)

The Popularity of Micro-blogging

1.近年来“微博”越来越流行,许多人利用“微博”来表达心声、交流想法。

2.微博流行的原因。

3.微博可能引起的弊端。

预测作文(五)

Reflection on Natural Disasters

1. 最近国内外灾害不断发生,这些灾害引起了我们对于自然所做的行为的再一次思考。

2. 你是如何看待自然灾害的?

3. 我们应该采取哪些措施来尽可能避免这些灾害和减少损失呢?

预测作文(一)

College Students’Living Condition

1. 反应大学生生存状况的词语从“蜗居”、“蚁族”到“鼠族”,不断涌现。

2. 对于这种现象,你有什么看法?

【范文】

Recently, the living condition of some college students is frequently referred to as “dwelling-narrowness”. In fact, this embarrassing situation is very serious that few of us can fail to meditate on the causes of it.

In the first place, it’s difficult for graduates to bear the high cost of life in big cities. Poor payment thus gives rise to bad living conditions. Next, college students are more ambitious. Many of them are eager to compete in big cities like Shanghai and Beijing, where talents are abundant and positions are limited. Refusing to go back hometown let them suffer in big cities, which indirectly make their situation worse.

Generally speaking, college students should be more qualified to better themselves and adjust their goals according to the reality.

【点评】

首句交待背景,用无生命的名词词组(inanimate noun phrase)作主语并使用被动语态,文章更加客观中立。

第二句话使用单词embarrassing,深入地挖掘了当今大学生生存状况艰难与大学生十年寒窗之间令人无奈的矛盾。第三句话为承上启下句,fail to do sth.表示没能、不能做某事。文章第二部分阐释了作者的个人看法。认为此社会现象的一个原因是大城市的高消费与大学生刚刚毕业收入相对较低之间产生的矛盾。第二个原因来自大学生对自身期许过高与大城市人才济济之间的矛盾。使用单词ambitious,表示雄心勃勃。在形容人才济济时,使用abundant,表示充足的。此外,文章还指出第一个原因是直接原因,第二个原因是间接导致了大学生生存困境。

最后一段给出了解决方法,better oneself指使某人自身更加优秀,better此处作动词讲。

预测作文(三)

Food Safety

1. 食品安全问题令人担忧。

2. 对此,你有什么看法(可从蔬菜、水果滥用农药、激素方面分析)?

【范文】

Currently, many problems concerning the safety of food have popped up. As for me, I believe at least three factors account for this issue.

First, I observe that profits drive many food producers to commit illegal things. They aim to gain more money at the expense of consumers’ health. Second, the overuse of agricultural pesticide has resulted in the degradation of food quality. The excessive pesticide bears enormous health hazard for people. Furthermore, some food producers inject hormones into domestic animals so as to make them grow more quickly and thus they can turn in more profit. As a result, people’s health has been seriously disturbed.

All in all, food safety is such a great concern, and we all should do establish laws and implement them effectively to avoid producing toxic foods.

【点评】

首句直接点题,词组pop up指弹起,这里指食品安全突然间成了一大社会问题。

文章第二部分从蔬菜生产商、水果滥用农药及激素方面阐释了食品安全问题的根源。Observe除了有观察之意,还可以表示某人的观点;动词commit后面通常接违法或伤害性的事情,如commit a crime, commit illegal things, commit suicide等等。“以消费者的健康为代价”除了使用at the expense of 还可以使用at the cost of 或者ignoring。 另外,在表达同一意思或相近意思时,此文避免了一词多用,而是采用不同的单词或词组,如劣质食品使用了problems concerning the safety of food, the degradation of food quality和toxic foods。

最后一段再次点题,并提出了万能解决方案之一,即政府和相关单位要制定法律法规。

预测作文(四)

The Popularity of Micro-blogging

1.近年来“微博”越来越流行,许多人利用“微博”来表达心声、交流想法。

2.微博流行的原因。

3.微博可能引起的弊端。

【范文】

Micro-blogging is no longer a strange word. More precisely, it has become part of our life.

As for me, many factors contribute to the widespread of Micro-blogging. First, it is very convenient for people to express their instant feelings at any time. Second, it provides a chance for people to release their inner stress. By revealing their heartfelt emotions on the Micro-blogging, their friends may also know about their conditions and can offer in-time comfort.

However, Micro-blogging can also be potentially dangerous as it may give away people’s privacy and other significant information.

All in all, Micro-blogging provides us comfort and also inevitably some concerns. We should be careful while using it.

【点评】

第一段直接切入主题。首句在说明微博越来越流行时没有用肯定句micro-blogging is more and more popular, 而是用否定句的方式“负负得正”。

从第二段开始阐释流行的原因。Contribute to是固定词组,表示为……作出贡献,其对应的名词是contribution。第一个原因是微博方便人们在任何时候表达他们当时的感觉。这里通过“at any time”和“instant feeling”突出了微博和传统博客的区别。第二个原因是微博可以减压。此处release表示释放,除了跟release pressure, release stress, 还可以跟release news。

第三段描述了微博的弊端,give away表示出卖,同义词有betray。最后一段是作者的对微博的态度,在充分肯定微博积极意义的同时提醒人们要谨慎使用微博。

预测作文(五)

Reflection on Natural Disasters

1. 最近国内外灾害不断发生,这些灾害引起了我们对于自然所做的行为的再一次思考。

2. 你是如何看待自然灾害的?

3. 我们应该采取哪些措施来尽可能避免这些灾害和减少损失呢?

【范文】

Natural disasters happen almost every day,those devastating ones leave us to think about our behaviors towards nature again.

First of all,we need to set a sound pre-warning mechanism, which enables us to detect potential risks at an early stages. Accordingly,emergency measures can be taken,and losses can be minimized.

Second,governments have to equipped with an excellent Disaster Assistance Response Team to rescue those disaster-stricken areas. The primary goal is to provide emergency services, such as drinking water and medical treatment, until long-term aid arrives.

Third, citizens need to realize that the main cause of those disasters is largely due to climate crisis; therefore, they should purchase energy efficient appliances, plant trees and economize our consumption on housing.

From what has been discussed above, I maintain that minimizing the cost of disasters can be achieved by our persisting efforts.

【点评】

第一段为总起段,提出问题并引起读者的注意。在形容自然灾害时,用disaster。Devastating表示极具破坏性的,同义词为destroying。Leave sb. to do sth. 意味着使某人做某事。之后第二段中使用了连接词accordingly, 用以表示顺接或因果关系,连接词的使用能够使文章更具连贯性和逻辑性。而两个被动语态的使用则使文章更加客观公正。

第三段从政府的角度来进一步论述。Disaster-stricken为形容词,意思为饱受摧残的。在讲述政府提供的救援时,文中用了举例的方法使文章更加具体有说服力。

第四段中的be due to主要用来表示不好的原因。Purchase表示大宗购买,意为buy。这里用了三个并列的动宾词组,使文章更加有说服力。

最后一段maintain用来表示某人的观点,同义词还有observe, declare, insist。


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pls890429 发表于 2012-3-22 10:18:43
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菲英扎吉 发表于 2012-5-7 14:04:09
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