All nations of the world had homework this year: submit new-and-improved plans to fight climate change. But the plans they handed in "have barely moved the needle" on reducing Earth's future warming, a new United Nations report finds.

今年，世界各国都面临一项任务：提交经过改进的应对气候变化新计划。 然而，联合国的一份新报告指出，各国提交的这些计划“对于减少地球未来升温幅度而言几乎未起到什么作用”。



And a good chunk of that progress is counteracted by the United States' withdrawal from the effort, the report adds.

报告还补充道，美国退出应对气候变化行动在很大程度上抵消了部分已有进展。

The newest climate-fighting plans — mandated every five years by the 2015 Paris Agreement — shaves about three-tenths of a degree Celsius (nearly six-tenths of a degree Fahrenheit) off a warming future compared with the projections a year ago.

根据2015年《巴黎协定》规定，各国每五年需提交一次最新的应对气候变化计划。与一年前的预测相比，这些最新计划预计能让未来升温幅度降低约0.3摄氏度（近0.6华氏度）。

Meanwhile, the Trump administration's policies, which range from rolling back environmental regulations to hindering green energy projects, will add back a tenth of a degree of warming, the U.N. Environment Program's Emissions Gap report said Tuesday.

与此同时，联合国环境规划署周二发布的《排放差距报告》指出，特朗普政府出台的政策，从废除环保法规到阻碍绿色能源项目， 将使升温幅度回升0.1摄氏度。

"Every tenth of a degree has ramifications on communities, on ecosystems around the world. It is particularly important for those vulnerable communities and ecosystems that are already being impacted,″ said Adelle Thomas, vice chair of a separate U.N. scientific panel that calculates climate impacts. "It matters in heat waves. It matters in ocean heat waves and the destruction of coral reefs. It matters long-term when we think about sea level rise.″

联合国另一科学小组（负责计算气候影响）副主席阿黛尔·托马斯表示： “升温幅度的每0.1摄氏度变化，都会对全球社区和生态系统产生影响。对于那些已经受到气候变暖影响的脆弱社区和生态系统而言，这一点尤为重要。” 她还称：“在热浪、 海洋热浪和珊瑚礁破坏方面，这都很重要。 从长远来看，当我们考虑海平面上升问题时，这也很重要。”

Global average temperature increase is mainly caused by the release of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, which happens when fuels like oil, gas and coal are burned. So the plans that countries turn in must detail how, and how fast, they will cut emissions of such gases.

全球平均气温上升主要由二氧化碳等温室气体排放引起，而二氧化碳的排放主要源于石油、 天然气和煤炭等燃料的燃烧。 因此，各国提交的计划必须详细说明如何以及以多快的速度减少此类气体的排放。

Within the next decade, Earth is likely to blow past 1.5 C (2.7 F) since the mid-1800s, which is the internationally agreed-upon goal made in Paris. If nations do as they promise in their plans, the planet will warm 2.3 to 2.5 C (4.1 to 4.5 F), the report calculates.

报告预测，未来十年内，地球气温极有可能自19世纪中期以来首次突破1.5摄氏度（2.7华氏度）的升温阈值，而该阈值正是《巴黎协定》设定的国际公认目标。 报告还指出，如果各国按照其计划中的承诺行事，那么地球气温将上升2.3至2.5摄氏度（4.1至4.5华氏度）。

Current policies put the world on path for 2.8 C (5 F) of warming, providing context for upcoming U.N. climate talks in Belem, Brazil.

当前政策将使全球升温2.8摄氏度（5华氏度），这为即将在巴西贝伦举行的联合国气候谈判提供了背景。

Even super fast and deep cuts in emissions from coal, oil and natural gas will still more than likely mean global temperatures go up at least 1.7 C (3.1 F) this century with efforts then to bring them back down, the report says.

报告称，即便迅速大幅削减煤炭、石油和天然气的排放， 本世纪全球气温仍极有可能至少上升1.7摄氏度（3.1华氏度），之后才会努力使其回落。

Ten years ago, before the Paris Agreement, the world was on a path to be about 4 C (7.2 F) warmer.

十年前，在《巴黎协定》签署之前，全球气温上升路径约为4摄氏度（7.2华氏度）。

"We are making progress,'' UNEP Executive Director Inger Andersen told The Associated Press. "We have to go faster."

联合国环境规划署执行主任英格·安德森告诉美联社： “我们正在取得进展，但必须加快速度。”

The United States — which submitted a climate-fighting plan in 2024 from the Biden administration but now will exit the Paris agreement in two months — changes the future outlook significantly. Until the Trump administration decided to get out of the climate-fighting effort, the U.S. plan was promising some of the most significant cuts in future emissions, the report said.

美国——2024年拜登政府提交了应对气候变化计划，但两个月后将退出《巴黎协定》——这一举动极大地改变了未来前景。 报告称，在特朗普政府决定退出应对气候变化行动之前， 美国计划承诺大幅削减未来排放。

UNEP said the U.S. did not provide comments on the report by their deadline and asked for emissions data about the U.S. to be removed. The UNEP declined but included a footnote at the U.S. request, saying that it doesn't support the report.

联合国环境规划署表示，美国未在截止日期前对报告发表评论，并要求删除有关美国排放的数据。 联合国环境规划署拒绝了这一要求，但应美国要求添加了脚注，称其不支持该报告。

Now the U.N. is calculating that the rest of world must cut an additional 2 billion tons a year of carbon dioxide to make up for what the report projects is growing American carbon pollution. Last year, the world pumped 57.7 billion tons of greenhouse gases into the air and needs to get down to about 33 billion tons a year to have a chance of limiting warming to near the goal, the report said.

现在，联合国计算得出，为了弥补美国碳排放量增加（报告预测值）的影响，世界其他国家每年必须额外削减20亿吨二氧化碳。 报告称，去年，全球向空气中排放了577亿吨温室气体，若想有机会将升温幅度控制在接近目标水平，则需将年排放量降至约330亿吨。

Climate Analytics CEO Bill Hare, who helps run a separate emissions and temperature projecting report called Climate Action Tracker, said that his calculations show the same as the report.

气候分析公司首席执行官比尔·哈尔负责运营另一份名为“气候行动追踪”的排放和温度预测报告， 他表示，他的计算结果与这份报告一致。

The numbers indicate "a lack of political will," he said.

这些数据表明“缺乏政治意愿”。

素材来源：iYuba

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