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Staying Safe During a Lightning Storm

雷暴期间如何保持安全

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle Report.

这里是VOA慢速英语健康生活报道。

Lightning is one of the most powerful weather forces to hit Earth. These huge bolts of electricity that strike during storms can cause destruction and death. Lightning can heat the air around it to temperatures five times hotter than the surface of the sun.

闪电是袭击地球的最强大的自然力量之一。这些巨大的闪电在暴风雨期间的袭击会造成破坏和死亡。闪电可将周围的空气加热到比太阳表面高5倍的温度。

Lightning is very common. It is estimated that every second, about 100 lightning strikes hit the surface of the Earth. Experts at the website WeatherSTEM did the math and say thisadds up toabout 8 million strikes per day, and 3 billion hits each year!

闪电非常常见。据估计，每秒钟有约100次闪电击中地球表面。WeatherSTEM网站的专家进行了计算，他们表示，累计起来就是闪电每天袭击中地球约800万次，每年击中30亿次！

In some parts of the world, for example India, summer lightning storms are very common. As the rainy season begins there, storms often cover most of the country's northern area. This is when lightning and thunderstorms happen most.

在世界部分地区，比如印度，夏季雷暴非常常见。随着雨季的开始，该国北部大部分地区经常被雷暴覆盖。这是闪电和雷雨最多的时候。

Lightning can be deadly. It is difficult to keep exact records on how many people die from lightning each year throughout the world. Some experts estimate that about 2,000 people die each year from lightning. Others say the number could be as high as 24,000.

闪电可能致命。很难准确记录全世界每年有多少人死于闪电。一些专家估计，每年有约2000人死于闪电。其他专家则表示，死亡人数可能高达2.4万人。

The last week in June, Reuters news agency reported lightning strikes killed more than 100 people in two areas of India.

据路透社报道，六月最后一周，闪电袭击致印度两个地区超过100人死亡。

How to stay safe

如何保持安全

Later in this program, we will give you some tips on helping a lightning strike victim. But first, experts at the weather.gov website, give tips on staying safe if lightning comes your way.

稍后，本节目将为大家提供帮助闪电袭击受害者的建议。但首先，weather.gov网站的专家将给出如何在闪电来袭时保持安全的建议。

Outdoor lightning storm

室外雷暴

If you are outside, experts say you shouldtake cover, which means finding a safe shelter for protection. During a lightning storm, no place outside is safe. If you hear thunder, lightning is close enough to strike you. Most lightning victims are in open areas or near a tree.

专家表示，如果你在室外，那你应该躲起来，即找个安全的避难所保护自已。在雷暴期间，外面没有一个地方是安全的。如果你听到雷声，那闪电已经近到足以袭击你了。大多数闪电受害者都是在开放区域或树木附近受到的袭击。

When you hear thunder, experts say, immediately try to move to safe shelter. Look for a strong, established building "with plumbing and electrical wiring." If lightning strikes this kind of building, the experts say, the plumbing and wiring will conduct the electricity better than the human body.

专家表示，听到雷声后，应立即设法转移到安全避难所。要寻找坚固且“有水管和电线”的既有建筑物。专家说，如果闪电袭击这种建筑，那水管和电线会比人体更容易导电。

If such a building is not available, you can also seek shelter inside "an enclosed, metal-topped vehicle" with all the windows shut. You should stay in the safe shelter for at least 30 minutes after the last sounds of thunder are heard.

如果找不到这样的建筑，你还可以在“封闭且配有金属车顶的车辆”里寻求庇护，记住要关上所有的窗户。在听到最后一声雷声后，你应该在安全避难所中至少再呆30分钟。

Nowhere to hide

无处躲避

If you are outside during a lightning storm and there is no safe shelter, these actions may reduce your risk

如果雷暴期间你在室外，而且没有安全避难所，以下这些做法可能会降低风险：

:Immediately leave high land areas, such as hills or mountains.

立即离开高海拔地区，比如丘陵或山区。

Never lie flat on the ground.

绝对不要平躺在地上。

Never shelter under a tree sitting in the open.

不要躲在露天的树下。

Immediatelyget out ofany bodies of water andstay away fromthose areas.

立即离开水域，远离这些区域。

Stay away fromobjects that can conduct electricity, such as wire fences, tall structures, power lines or windmills.

远离能导电的物体，比如铁丝网、高层建筑、电线或风车。

Indoor lightning storm

室内雷暴

If you are indoors during a lightning storm, you could still be in danger. Again, weather.gov provides these tips.

如果雷暴期间你在室内，你仍可能处于危险之中。下列建议也由weather.gov网站提供。

Stay off wired phones, computers and other equipment that can put you in direct contact with electricity.

远离有线电话、电脑和其他可能让你直接接触电的设备。

Avoid any areas with running water.

避开任何有自来水的地方。

Remain indoors butstay away fromwindows and doors.

待在室内，但要远离门窗。

Do not lie on concrete floors or touch concrete walls.

不要躺在混凝土地板上或接触混凝土墙。

Aid for a lightning strike

闪电袭击的援助

Experts at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention say that helping lightning strike victims can save their lives. It is safe to touch a lightning strike victim. People struck by lightning DO NOT carry a charge.

美国疾病控制和预防中心（简称CDC）的专家表示，帮助闪电袭击受害者可以挽救他们的生命。触碰闪电袭击受害者是安全的。被闪电击中的人不带电荷。

The CDC says to follow these four steps immediately to help a lightning strike victim

美国疾病控制和预防中心表示，要立即采取下列四个步骤来帮助闪电袭击受害者：

:1. Call for Help

1. 寻求帮助

Call for professional help immediately. It is safe to use a cell phone during a storm.

立即寻求专业人士的帮助。在暴风雨期间打电话是安全的。

2. Get to Safety

2. 转移到安全地方

Lightning may continue to be a danger. If necessary, move the victim to a safer location. However, do not move victims who are bleeding or appear to have broken bones.

闪电可能仍构成危险。如果有必要，将受害者转移到更安全的地方。不过，不要移动流血或似乎出现骨折的受害者。

3. Check the Victim

3. 检查受害者

Lightning often causes a heart attack. Check to see if the victim is breathing and has a heartbeat. Lightning may also cause other injuries such as burns, shock, and sometimes physical damage to the body.

闪电通常会引发心脏病。检查受害者，看其是否有呼吸和心跳。闪电还可能造成其他伤害，比如烧伤、休克，有时甚至会对身体造成伤害。

4. Resuscitate

4. 复苏

If the victim is not breathing, immediately begin mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. If the victim does not have a pulse, start cardiopulmonary resuscitation, or CPR. Continue this until help arrives. Try to keep the victim warm to prevent hypothermia, or abnormally low body temperature.

如果受害者没有呼吸，立即进行口对口人工呼吸。如果受害者没有脉搏，开始进行心脏复苏（简称CPR）。坚持做到救援人员抵达。尽量让受害者保持温暖，防止体温过低或异常低的体温。

And that's the Health & Lifestyle report. I'm Anna Matteo.

以上是健康生活报道。我是安娜·马迪奥。