1 . cost / take / spend / pay 花费

花费时间做某事 ： It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time （in）doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .

某人花钱买某物 ： sb spend some money on sth .= sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money .

※ spend 和 pay 主语都是人， cost 主语是物。

※ spent 还可以指“度过”→ How did you spend your weekend ？

The sweater ________ me 90 yuan . = I _______ 90 yuan for the sweater.=I _____ 90 yuan on the sweater .

He spent lots of money ________ the mobile phone .

It ________ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He ________ 20 minutes ________ home every day .

2 . thanks for为…而感谢

⑴ ______ inviting me to your birthday party .

thanks to 多亏/由于

⑵______ your help .I got good grades .

3 . 感叹句 ：多么… what + 名词

how + 形容词 / 副词

⑴ ______ bad weather ！

⑵ ______ hard he works ！

⑶______ fresh vegetables ！

⑷ ______ cute a monkey it is ！

4 . 因为、由于 ： because（ 连词 ） +从句： （ 表示原因 ）

because of（介词短语） + 名词（短语 ）= thanks to

⑴ I didn’t go to school ______ I had a headache .

He was late for class ______ the bad weather .

He can’t come _____ he is ill .

Many people have a cold _____ the cold weather .

※because和 so不能同时连用 。

5 . 来自 ： be from = come from

⑴ Where are you from ？ = Where ______ you ______ ______ ？

⑵ He is from Tibet. = He ______ ______ Tibet.

6 .How often 对频率提问 （ 多久一次） →回答用表示频率的副词或短语

　　How long 对一段时间提问 （多久 ） →回答用表示一段时间的状语

　　How soon 对将来时间提问 （ 多久 ） →回答用 in+时间段

　　How far 询问多长距离（多长）

　　⑴- ______ have you been collecting the kites ？ -For ten years.

　　⑵- ______ do you go shopping ？ -Sometimes.

　　⑶ - ______ will your father come back ？ - In two years.

　　⑷- _____ do you exercise ？ - Once a week.

　　⑸- _____ is it from your home to school ？ - About ten miles.

　　⑹- _____ are you staying there ？ - Two weeks.

7 . 乘交通工具 ： take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语

by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语

交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane...

⑴ He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goes to bank on a bus .

⑵ I walk to school . = I go to school ______ .

※ 骑自行车、马或驴用ride ： ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one’s car

8 . 对不起 ： Excuse me （劳驾，客套话 ）

Sorry （ 表示道歉 ）

⑴ ______ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ？

⑵–Would you mind cleaning your room ？ - ______ . I’ll do it right away.

⑶- Don’t eat in class 。 - _____ 。 Ms Clark .

⑷ _____ ， is this the way to the station ？

9 . 声音 ： sound （ 自然界各种声音 ）

noise（噪音）

voice（悦耳的声音：嗓子）

⑴Lucy has a sweet ______ . ⑵That ______ like a good idea.

⑶Don’t make ______ . The baby is sleeping.

10 .look like （外貌看起来像… ）

be like （ 性格像… ）

⑴ Lily _____ _____ Lucy 。 Oh ， they are twins.

⑵ Tony ______ ______ a monkey because he is cute and playful .

11 . take… to … 带去

bring…to …带来

fetch 没有方向性（强调来回）

⑴ Tony 。 ______ the ball here 。Please.

⑵ My father often ______ me ______ concerts on Sundays.

⑶ ______ your homework _____ school tomorrow.

12. 一些 ： some 用于肯定句

any 用于否定句和疑问句

⑴ I’d like ______ milk.

⑵ –Would you like ______ yogurt ？

_ Thanks . I don’t want ______ .

※ 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some。

13. 多少 ： How many修饰可数名词复数

How much 修饰不可数名词

⑴ ______ juice do you want ？

⑵ ______ apples do you want ？

⑶- ______is the T-shirt ？ –It’s 30 yuan 。

※ How much可对价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ？

14. 看 ：see 强调看的结果

look （ at ） 不及物动词，强调看的动作

watch 观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影

read 读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志

⑴Don’t______ in bed.

⑵ We will ______ a basketball game this evening.

⑶ Please ______ the blackboard. Everyone.

⑷ I ______ a bird in the tree yesterday.

※On Saturday night. I saw an interesting talk show.

On Saturday evening. several kids watched a movie. watch a movie =go to a movie

15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 → Please stop talking

stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事

⑴ The girl soon stopped ______ （cry ）.

⑵ He was tired and stopped ______ （have ） a rest.

16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：

forget / remember to do sth（忘记/记得去做某事）→ He forgot to turn off the light.（没有做关灯的动作） Remember to go to the post office after school.

orget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作：

△forget / remember doing sth（忘记/记得做过某事）→ He forgot turningoff the light 。（已做过关灯的动作）

Don’t you remember seeing the man before ？

17. 到达… reach + 地点

get to + 地点 reach = get to

arrive + in + 大地点

arrive + at + 小地点

⑴ He reached London yesterday . = He ______ to London yesterday . = He ______ in London yesterday.

⑵ She arrived ______ the bus station just now . ⑶ You should ______ （ get ） home on time.

※ 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：get home get there 省略 to

18. 擅长，在…方面做得好 ： be good at = do well in

⑴ She is good at chemistry . = She ______ ______ ______ chemistry.

⑵ Niuniu is good at ______ the violin. = Niuniu ______ well in ______ the violin.

⑶ Lucy and Lily are twin girls . Lucy is better ______ dancing than Lily , but Lily _____ ______ in singing than Lucy.

19. win （ 赢得 ）接a game、 war 、a match、 a prize

beat（ 打败、战胜 ）接运动员、球队、对手等。

⑴ Which team ______ the football match ？

⑵ Wang Hao ______ Ma Lin and ______ the champion of the Men’s Singles.

20. 借 borrow sth. from sb = borrow sb. sth 向某人借某物→ borrow借入

lend sth. to sb = lend sb. sth把某物借给某人 → lend 借出

keep延续性动词 ，与一段时间连用。

⑴ Can you lend me your bike ？ = Can you ______ your bike ______ me ？

⑵ You can borrow some money ____ your brother. = You can borrow yourbrother ____ ____.

⑶ - How long can I ______ the book ？

- You can _____ it for two weeks.

※ 类似用法的还有：buy — have put on — wear become — be

leave — be away from open — be open begin — be on

die — be dead return — be back

① become He has ______ a doctor.

He has ______ a doctor for 10 years.

② begin The film has ______.

he film has _________ for ten minutes.

21.能，会。be able to,can

※ 情态动词后面都接动词原形。

⑴ We should ______ able to finish the work tomorrow.

⑵ I can ______ （play） the guitar 。⑶ He ______ able to play chess.

22. too many 太多 — 修饰可数名词复数→ I have too many rules in my house.

too much 太多 — 修饰不可数名词→ Maybe you have too much yin.

much too太— 后跟形容词或副词原级→ This coat is much too expensive.

⑴ Eating _____ ______ is bad for your health.

⑵ It’s ______ ______cold today. You’d better not go out.

⑶There are______ ______ students in the hallways. It’s dangerous.

23. have / has been to 去过某地 →He has been to Beijing. （现在不在北京）

have / has gone to 去了某地 →He has gone to Beijing. （现在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中）

have/hasbeen in / at在某地

⑴I have ever _______ ______ America twice.

⑵ He has ______ ______ Beijing for ten years.

⑶– Where is your brother ？

- He______ ______ to Hainan.

⑷ _____ you ever ______ ______ Disneyland ？

24. used to do sth.过去常做某事→ This river used to be very clean .

be（get）used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 → I’m not used to getting up early.

be used to do sth = be used for doing sth. 被用于做某事→ Pens are used for writing.

⑴ XiaoGang ______ ______ ______ afraid of the dark.

⑵ Thebroom is ______ ______ clean the room. = The broom is ______ ______ cleaning the room.

⑶ He ______ ______ ______ living countryside 。There is fresh air and sweet well.

⑷ Wood _____ _____ _____ making paper.

25. belong to + 名词 / 人称代词宾格 （属于）

be + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词 （是）

⑴It must ______ Ning’s .= It must _________ Ning.

⑵ The pencil must be ______ （my） . = The pencil must belong to ______ （my）.

⑶ This ball ______ to me .= This ball is ______.

26. can’t 不可能 0

表示推测、判断 could/might 也许、可能 50﹪— 80﹪

must 肯定、一定 100﹪

⑴ The CD _____ belong to Tony . because he likes listening to music.

⑵ The notebook ______ be mine . It has my name on it.

⑶ The toy ______ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old man .

27. be made from （由…制成）看不出原材料

be made of （由…制成）看得出原材料

⑴ The table ______ ______ ______ wood.

⑵ Paper ______ ______ ______ wood.

28. prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事

prefer sth 。 to sth 。 喜欢…而不喜欢…

prefer doing sth 。 to doing sth 。 喜欢做…而不喜欢做…

⑴ I prefer ______ （swim） to ______ （play） balls.

⑵ He _______ fish to beef.

⑶ I prefer to ______ （walk） to work.

29. 一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词 ：

—ed 修饰人

—ing 修饰物

⑴ I want to go somewhere ______ （relaxing/relaxed）.

⑵ She is ______ in this ______ history story .（interesting/interested ）

※ interesting（有趣的） — interested（感兴趣的） tiring（累人的）— tired（累的，疲倦的）

boring （令人无聊的）— bored（无聊的）exciting（令人兴奋的）— excited（激动的）

surprising（令人惊讶的） — surprised（惊讶的）

relaxing（令人放松的） — relaxed（放松的）

embarrassing （令人尴尬的；令人为难的） — embarrassed （尴尬的；为难的）

30. the number of + 名词复数（…的数量）作主语， 谓语用单数。

a number of + 名词复数 （许多、一些）= many

⑴ The number of students in our class______ 80.

⑵ ______ number of students are in Helin Middle School.

31. for + 一段时间

since + 时间点/过去时的句子

⑴ We have been studying English ______ three years.

⑵ He has been staying here ______ he was five years old .

⑶ We haven’t seen each other ______ ten years ago.

※ for和 since 可以相互转换。如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years . = Jenny has been collecting coins since several years ______.

32. 除…之外 except （不包括在内）→ Everyone could answer this question except Jim .

besides （包括在内）→There are three girls besides me.

⑴ We all passed the exam ______ Li Yang.

⑵ Many other students like basketball ______ Guo Xiaojun.

33. already 用于肯定句中（已经）

yet 用于疑问句末（已经）

用于否定句末（还）

⑴ Have you seen the film ______ ？

⑵ I haven’t locked the door ______.

⑶ Mom has _______ watered the flowers.

34. 否定祈使句 Don’t + v.

No + v.ing / n.

⑴ Don’t smoke here. = ______ ______ here. ⑵ Don’t take photos. = ______ ______.

35. 也 too 放肯定句末和疑问句末→Do you play soccer every day ， too ？

either 放否定句末

also 放肯定句中

※ also放在实意动词前，be之后.

⑴ She is a girl. I am a girl ,______ .

⑵ He ______ likes collecting things .

⑶ Lily doesn’t like junk food . Her good friend doesn’t like it,_______.

⑷ - I like soap operas, –I do ， _____.

⑸ - I can’t watch TV on school nights, –I can’t ， _____.

36. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格

be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格

Miss Zhang _____ _____ _____ her work and she _____ _____ _____ her students.

37. 需要做某事 need to do sth 主语是人

need doing sth 主语是物

⑴ The classroom _____ cleaning. It’s too dirty.

⑵ Children _____ to sleep a lot.

⑶ It’s very hot and dry.You need ______（wear）cool clothes and the flowers need ______ （water).

38. through →介词： 从内部穿过 （park）

across →介词：从表面穿过

cross →动词（road, street,bridge）

⑴ Be careful when you ______ the street.

⑵ The manwent______ the forest.

⑶ The train goes ______ the tunnel（隧道).

⑷He swam _____ the river.

⑸ We drove _____ the desert （沙漠）.

⑹Take a walk _____ the park on Center Avenue.

39. Why don’t you do sth = Why not do sth.

提建议的方式 How /what about doing sth.

Let’s do sth.

⑴ Why don’t you have a cup of tea ？ = _____ _____ have a cup of tea ？

⑵ Let’s _____ （go） out for a walk .

⑶ How about _____ （practice） conversations ？

40. So + 助/系/情态 + 主语 表示肯定意义（…也是如此）

Neither + 助/系/情态 + 主语 表示否定意义（…也不）

※ 它们都属于倒装句。

⑴ My mother didn’t go to school. ______ ______ my father.

⑵ James comes from theUSA . ______ ______ Tom.

⑶ My pen pal can speak Japanese.______ ______ I. = Me ______.

⑷ My sister isn’t outgoing. ______ ______ I. = Me ______.

41. both 两者都

all三者或三者以上都

⑴ The twins _____ are good students.

⑵ There are lots of colorful flowers on _____ sides of the streets.

⑶ There are five people in my family. We ______ like playing sports. My parents ______ love us. We are very happy.

42. alone 单独，独自一人 →He is alone at home.

lonely 孤独的，寂寞的。有一定的感情色彩 →He lives a lonely life in the country.

⑴ Sometimes he feels quite _____ because he has no friends.

⑵ She lives _____ in that large house.

43 in the tree 外来的→I saw a cat in the tree.

on the tree 长在树上的→There are many apples on the tree.

⑴ How many monkeys can you see _____ the tree ？

⑵ There are a lot of bananas_____ the tree.

44. in the wall 指在墙体内

on the wall 指在墙体表面

⑴ There is a map _____ the wall.

⑵ There is a door _____ the wall.

45. on the bed 指物品在床上→My bag is on the bed.

in bed 指人躺在床上→Lily is ill in bed.

⑴ There is a jacket ___________.

⑵ I have to be ________ by ten o’clock.

46. 引导结果状语从句：so和such（如此…以至于…）

so是副词，后接adj和adv 。

句型：

△so+adj/adv+that从句→He worked so hard that he got the first prize.

△so+adj+a（n）+n.+that从句 = such+a（n）+adj+n。+that从句→That was so interesting a story that I read it twice. = That was such an interesting story that I read it twice.

such是形容词，后接n.

句型：

△such+a（n）+adj+n.+that从句→He is such a hard-working student that all the teachers love him.

△such+pl./不可数n+that从句→It is such good weather that we can go swimming.

⑴ He runs ____fast ____ we can’catch him .

⑵ Lili is ____a kind girl ____we all love her.

⑵ Tom is ____ a clever boy that he can answer the question.= Tom is ____ clever a boy that he can answer the question.

⑶ The box is _____ heavy _____ I can’t carry it.

※ 在名词前有many / much / few / little这些词修饰时，要用so…that 。so…that句型的否定形式可用简单句too…to或not…enough to代替。如：

He is so young that he can’t go to school.

= He is too young to go to school.

= He is not old enough to go to school.

47. 引导时间状语从句 ：

when + 延续性/短暂性动词→When I was watching TV ， he came in. = When he came in ， I was watching TV.

while+延续性动词（多用进行时）→While I was in Shanghai ，I visited him .

⑴ _____ he was sleeping . Someone knocked at the door .= He was sleeping _____ someone knocked at the door.

⑵ _____ the boy heard his mother’s voice ， he stopped crying.

⑶ My mother was cooking _____ I was doing my homework.

48. at the age of 和 when 引导的时间状语可以互换.

I began to play football when I was five years old . = I began to play football ________ ____ ____ five.

49. instead 放句首、句末

instead of + n/pron/ving = rather than

⑴ I will go to see her ______ you .

⑵ He doesn’t like beer. give him coke ______.

⑶ We often sing English song ______ reading aloud.

50. be famous as （作为…而知名） as + 职业/身份/地位→Yi Yuchun is famous as a super girl.

be famous for （以…而著名） for + 出名的原因→Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.

⑴ Li Bai is famous ______ a poet.

⑵ Jackie Chan ia famous ______ his action movies.

⑶ France ia famous _____its fine food and wine.

51. 看起来像是…似乎/好像… （sb/sth） seems to do sth

It seems that +从句

⑴ It _____ _____ he feels very sad. = He _____ _____ _____ very sad.

⑵ She seems to want to have a drink. = _____ _____ that she _____ to have a drink.

52. “疑问词 + 动词不定式” 与“宾语从句”的互换

⑴ I will show you where you should go . = I will show you _____ _____ _____.

⑵ Idon’t know what to do . = I don’t know what _____ . A should I do B I should do

⑶ Could you tell me how I can get to Summer Palace ？= Could you tell me how _____ _____ _____ Summer Palace ？

※ 宾语从句应该用陈述语序。如：Could you please tell me ____ ____ ____ ____ （天气如何）in Chongqi ？

53. 问题/难题 question 由于疑惑不解而提出的问题，多和ask / answer搭配使用.

problem指有待解决的较难的问题或物理/数学方面的题等，多与solve / work out 搭配.

⑴ Please answer my ________ in English.

⑵ I can’t work out this maths _______.

⑶ This is a difficult _______ to answer.

54. family家/家庭（强调家庭成员，与居住的房子无关）→My family are kind people.

home 家（指人出生或居住的地方，带有一定感情色彩）→Welcome to my home.

house 房子/住宅（居住的建筑物）→They moved to their new house last year.

⑴ How many people are there in your _____？

⑵ I want to save money and buy a big ____.

⑶ I love Chengdu ， I looked Chengdu as my ______.

55. in front of （在…前面） 在某一范围以外的前面→There is a tall tree in front of our classroom .

in the front of （在…前部） 在某一范围内的前面→Two personsare sitting in the front of the car.

⑴ The policeman stands ____________ the car.

⑵ The driver sits ____________ the car.

56. 在晚上，在夜里 at night

on + a + adj + night

⑴ You shouldn’t go out _____ night.

⑵ He met a thief _____ a cold night.

57. 在…之间 between （两者之间）多与and连用.

among（三者或三者以上的人或物之间）

⑴ She is sitting ______ Lucy and Lily.

⑵ He built a house ______ the trees.

58. sometimes 不时；有时（是一般现在时的标志词）→Sometimes I go to school by bus.

some times 几次（此时time是可数名词，意为“次数”）→He has been to Shanghai some times.

sometime 某个时间（表示在过去或将来的某个时候）→ I saw him sometime last year.

some time 一段时间（此时time是不可数名词）→ He will stay here for some time.

⑴ We are going to have a party ________ next week.

⑵ _______ the boy is late for school.

⑶ He spent _________ in cutting hair. So he missed the early bus.

⑷ Li Jun has been to Bird’s Nest _________.

59. wear + 衣服/鞋帽/眼镜等（强调状态）→Our teacher often wears a pair of glasses.

put on +衣服/鞋帽/眼镜等（强调动作）→Kate puts on her hat and goes out.

be in + 颜色/服饰（强调状态）→The girl in red is my sister.

dress + 人/反身代词 （给某人穿） →She dresses her daughter every morning.

⑴ You’d better ______ your coat.

⑵ She was _______ a flower in her hair.

⑶ The boy ______ white is my friend.

⑷ He is too young to ______ himself.

⑸ Miss Li often _____ the white sports shoes.

※ dress当表示状态时常用be dressed in + 衣物（穿着…颜色的衣服）→He is dressed in a black coat 。他常穿着黑色的外套。

60. play + 球类、棋类名词（不加the ）play badminton / play chess / play computer games

play the +乐器名词。（必须加the） play the violin

⑴ - Do you like to play ______ football after class ， Li Lei ？

- Yes ，I do.

⑵ Sam can’t play ________ （piano）， but he can play ________ （chess）.