我们今天要讲的习惯用语都有rope这个词。你可能知道rope是又粗又结实的绳索。我们要讲两个习惯用语。它们是: learn the ropes。一般人认为learn the ropes和know the ropes这两个习惯用语都出自水手,因为他们成天得和桅绳打交道。以前航船上的新手要成为合格的水手首先得学会怎样摆弄好几十根桅绳,把船帆升上桅杆,并固定在一定的位置上。在新手终于学会操作那一大堆桅绳后,也就是说,after he learns the ropes, 那么他就是熟知桅绳操纵的老手了。换句话说就是,he knows the ropes. Learn the ropes和know the ropes这两个习惯用语随着时日的推移,也扩展了它们的意义。
让我们来听个带有learn the ropes这个习惯用语的例子。这是个老于世故的政界前辈在指点急于打入政界毛头小伙子。
例句-1:The best way to learn the ropes about politics is to do volunteer work for a candidate for city office. You'll do everything from passing out campaign leaflets to arranging political rallies.
例句-2:You've worked here ten years now and you've certainly learned the ropes of running a chain store. You're ready now to be trained as manager for all our stores in the state.
我们接着要听两个例子里面用了know the ropes。第一段话是一名政府雇员对他精明却不厚道的上司大为不满。我们要听听他在发什么牢骚。
例句-3:The guy knows all the ropes of bureaucracy. He usually writes better performance reports about his favorites than they really deserve just to keep them loyal to him personally.
从这儿可见knows the ropes含义是熟悉内幕。我们再来听个例子,说话的人在谈论他的叔叔Joe。
例句-4:Nobody knows the ropes about the auto business better than my Uncle Joe. He's been selling cars for thirty years and he's become an expert at closing deals with customers.