反意疑问句由前后两部分组成,若前一部分为肯定式,后一部分用否定式;若前一部分用否定式,后一部分用肯定式。反意疑问句句尾由“助动词+代词”构成。常见的反意疑问句有以下几种:
A. 陈述句谓语动词为系动词、助动词、情态动词时,疑问部分要重复这些动词。如:
There won’t be any concert this Sunday, will there?
I am very busy, aren’t (ain’t) I?
B. 陈述句子中的主语为anybody,anyone,everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,nobody,no one,these,those等时,反意疑问句主语用they。如:
Nobody came, did they?
Everyone knows the answer, don’t they?
C. 当陈述句中的主语为this, that, everything, anything, something, nothing时反意疑问句的主语用it。如:
Nothing can stop us now, can it?
D. 祈使句的反意疑问句一般只用肯定式。如:
Lend me a hand, will you?
但有时为使祈使句听起来比较婉转、客气,还可用would / won’t you, can you, could you, can’t you等,如:
Do sit down, won’t you?
Lend me this book, could you?
E. Let’s引导的祈使句,其反意疑问部分用shall we。如;
Let’s go in, shall we?
F. 若陈述句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句,反意疑问句的谓语动词和主语代词一般同主句子的谓语动词和主语保持一致,但若陈述句子为I (don’t) think (suppose, believe, assume, imagine, expect, seem, feel),后接宾语从句时,尾句依宾语从句的情况而定。如:
He never said she would come, did he?
I don’t believe he can finish the work, can he?(=I think he can’t.)
G. 若陈述句子的谓语动词为used to,其疑问部分可用didn’t或usedn’t。当陈述句用must not时,其疑问部分用may。如:
He used to live in the suburbs, didn’t / usedn’t he?
They must not enter that building, may they? |
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