你的朋友比你更受欢迎？



• More outgoing people are more likely to be in 'friendship paradox'

越外向的人越有可能陷入“友谊悖论”

• Paradox is based on fact that you are more likely to be friends with someone who has more friends than with someone who has fewer friends

该悖论是基于一项事实：与朋友较少的人相比，你更有可能跟朋友比较多的人成为朋友

• Because outgoing people connect more often with fellow extroverts, their networks are more heavily weighted with extroverts

因为外向的人与同样外向的人接触更频繁，他们的社交圈更侧重于外向的人

Have you ever felt like your friends are more popular than you?

你是否曾经觉得你的朋友比你更受欢迎？

Statistically speaking, they probably are - no matter how busy your social calender may seem.

从统计学上来说，他们可能确实如此——无论你的社交活动看上去多么应接不暇。

In fact, the more outgoing you are, the more likely you are to be caught in this 'friendship paradox', according to a new study.

实际上，一项新的研究称，你越外向，就越有可能陷入这个“友谊悖论”。

The friendship paradox is based on the fact that you are more likely to be friends with someone who has more friends than with someone who has fewer friends.

友谊悖论是基于一项事实：与朋友较少的人相比，你更有可能跟朋友比较多的人成为朋友。

Social people tend to have more friends, which means they are disproportionately represented in social networks.

合群的人拥有更多朋友，这意味着在社交圈中，他们的分布并不均衡。

That means everyone's network is more extroverted than the population as a whole.

也就是说每个人的社交圈都比这群人整体更加外向。

A study by Tuck Business School at Dartmouth College extends this so-called 'friendship paradox' beyond a purely mathematical claim.

达特茅斯学院塔克商学院一项研究将这个所谓的“友谊悖论”延伸至纯粹的数学理论之外。

Researchers have documented the phenomenon within the emerging social networks of a new class of MBA students.

研究人员在一个MBA新班级逐渐形成的社交圈中记录了这种现象。

Not only did the researchers show that extroversion bias exists in real-world networks, they found the effect is more pronounced in the networks of socially outgoing people.

研究人员发现外向偏见不仅存在于现实社交圈中，而且它的影响在社交活动比较外向的人中更加明显。

'If you're more extroverted, you might really have a skewed view of how extroverted other people are in general,' researcher Daniel Feiler said.

“如果你比较外向，你很有可能曲解他人有多外向。”研究员Daniel Feiler表示。

'If you're very introverted you might actually have a pretty accurate idea.'

“如果你非常内向，你可能有着非常准确的认识。”

The researchers reached this conclusion by studying the interaction of two key factors in the formation of social networks.

通过研究形成社交圈的两个关键因素的相互作用，研究人员得出了该结论。

They looked at extroversion, which is linked with popularity, and homophily, the notion that people with similar levels of extroversion are more likely to become

friends.

他们查看了外向型性格，这种性格与受欢迎以及“同质性”这两个因素有关。“同质性”指的是外向水平相似的人更有可能成为朋友。

The driving factor is homophily. Because outgoing people connect more often with fellow extroverts, their networks are more heavily weighted with extroverts.

同质性是驱动因素。因为外向的人更经常与同样外向的人接触，他们的社交圈更侧重于外向的人。

Introverts, on the other hand, are more likely to form friendships with other introverts. Their networks still display the friendship paradox, but to a lesser degree.

另一方面，内向的人更有可能与内向的人产生友谊。他们的社交圈仍然表现出了友谊悖论，但是程度较轻。

The findings suggest there is a bias toward believing others are more extroverted than they actually are, and that introverts are better socially aware than extroverts.

研究结果表明，他们更容易认为他人比实际上更加外向，内向的人比外向的人更有社会意识。

'There's a fundamental assumption in psychology that inferences about social norms are based on the people we interact with. And if that's the case, then we need to consider that our social network is a biased sample,' Feiler says.

“心理学中有一个基本假设，关于社会规范的推论是基于我们打交道的人。如果是这样的话，我们需要考虑到我们的交际圈是一个偏颇的样本。”Feiler说。

The study was based on the emerging social networks of 284 new MBA students in the fall of 2012.

该研究基于2012年284名MBA新生正在形成的交际圈。

Each student was surveyed twice, once at five weeks after orientation, and again at 11 weeks.

每个学生接受了两次调查，一个是培训五周后，第二次是在是十一周后。

Students were given a class rota and asked to indicate the people with whom they socialise.

研究人员给学生们分发了班级名册，要求他们标出自己结交的人。

Following the second survey, the students took the Big Five Inventory, a well-established test designed to evaluate personality traits, including extroversion.

第二次调查后，学生们填写了“大五人格问卷”，这是评估性格特点的一个著名的测试。

For the most part, the data showed what the researchers expected - that network extroversion bias exists, and it is more pronounced in the networks of extroverts.

总体来说，数据显示与研究人员预期相同——交际圈外向型偏差确实存在，而在外向型的人的圈子中更加显著。

The degree of bias came as something of a surprise. 'The skew gets really extreme the more extroverted you are,' Feiler says.

“偏颇的程度非常令人惊讶。你的性格越外向，歪曲越严重。”Feiler说。

According to the researchers, only the most introverted people - just one per cent of the population - are likely to have networks that are representative of the population as a whole.

据研究人员说，只有最外向的人——1%的人口——可能拥有能够代表人口整体的交际圈。

The rest of us view our social world through a distorted lens - a kind of carnival mirror that makes us feel less loved than our friends.

而剩余的人则通过扭曲的镜头看待我们的交际圈——就像狂欢节的镜子，让我们觉得朋友比我们受欢迎。

This, according to the study, creates the impression that others are more social than they truly are.

根据研究，这种现象造成了他人比实际上交际范围更广的假象。

'There's a tendency to wonder, 'am I normal?'' Feiler says. 'And our research suggests that you're probably more normal than you think.

“这会让人们思考，‘我正常吗？’我们的研究表明，你可能比自己认为的更正常。”