猴年马月(Horse month of the Monkey year)多被人们用来形容一件事遥遥无期。这个词的来历无从考据,不过有人称,其词义多半源于方言的以讹传讹,最流行的说法认为,“猴年马月”是天津的“何年嘛月”谐音的误传。
中国不仅有十二生肖纪年,还有十二生肖纪月。每年农历(lunar calendar)正月(the first month of the lunar year)到腊月(the 12th month of the lunar year)对应的属相依次是:虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪、鼠、牛,因此其实每年都有一个月是马月。猴年12年一个轮回,马月是12个月一个轮回,“猴年马月”的周期是12年。而今年阳历的6月5日至7月3日,就是传说中的“猴年马月”!
马上学:那么问题来了,“猴年马月”该如何翻译呢?如果直译为 “Horse month of the Monkey year”,相信大多数歪果仁是会不知所云滴。但是根据其含义,“猴年马月”可以用英文表达为“one of these years”,用以泛指未来的某一段时间,或者遥遥无期的感觉。
英文中也有用动物表达类似含义的短语,如:until the cows come home。例:We’ll have to wait for the dinner to be served until the cows come home.
成语原意是指实质不变,用改换名目的方法使人上当。后来用以比喻常常变卦,反复无常(changeable and capricious)。
例句:This young man was changeable and capricious and kept changing his job every few months.
这个年轻人朝三暮四的,每隔几个月就会换一份工作。
马上学:与朝三暮四意思相近的短语有flip-flop(指方向、观点突然改变),在美国俚语中, A flip-flop in opinion means you’re suddenly changing your mind。Flip-flopper:反复无常的人。例句:Frank is such a flip-flopper!He said he wanted to go out to dinner with me, but now he said he has plans with another girl!
山中无老虎,猴子称霸王
成语解读: 真正的强者不在,才轮到二流角色充当主要角色;或者掌权人不在,手下的人便随心所欲。
马上学: 英语里对应的表达方式有When the cat's away, the mice will play. (猫不在家,老鼠当家。)或者你可以理解为:汤姆不在,杰瑞当家。例句:Jill: You shouldn't be reading a novel at your desk. Jane: But the boss isn't here. And when the cat's away, the mice will play.
英语里类似的表达还有In the country of the blind, the one-eyed man is king,意思是因为周围没有厉害的人,能力不够的人才有机会位居高位。例句:Jill: How on earth did Joe get promoted to be the chief? He’s not good enough! Jane: In the country of the blind, the one-eyed man is king.
杀鸡儆猴
用惩罚某个个体的办法来警告他人。 例句:He did this as a warning to you, in order to make you more hardworking.他这么做只是杀鸡儆猴,目的是让你们更努力工作。