日志
虚拟语气用于非真实的条件句
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1虚拟条件句
英语有两种条件句：真实条件句和非真实条件句。真实条件句表示所说的话完全可以成为真实，其谓语动词用陈述语气；非真实条件句表示所说的话实现的可能性极小或与事实相反，其谓语动词用虚拟语气。这种带有虚拟语气的非真实条件句 叫作虚拟条件句，虚拟条件句根据时间概念分为以下三种：
1.1对现在的假设
用于叙述与现在事实相反的情况。句型为：If +主语+were/过去式，主语+should(would ,could might)+动词原形.
Examples:
If I had a bike ,I would lend it to you.(如果我有自行车的话，我会借给你的）
If he were not so quiet ,I would like him better.（如果他不是这么安静的话，我会更喜欢他一些）
If I were them ,I would queue for over ten hours to get Beckham's sign too.（如果我是他们，我也会排10多个小时的队等贝克汉姆签名）
1.2对过去的假设
用于叙述与过去事实相反的情况。句型为：If +主语+had +过去分词，主语+should(would could might)+have+过去分词
Examples:
If you had got up earlier ,you could have caught the train(如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车）
If he had not been a sensible man ,he would have quarreled with her（如果他不是一个明智的人早和她吵起来了）
1.3 对将来的假设
用于表达将来实现的可能性不大假设。句型为：If+主语+should/过去式/were to +动词原型，主语+should(would could might)+动词原形.
Examples:
If I were to be a millionaire,I should make my hometown free from poverty.
如果我成为百万富翁的话，我一定让我的家乡摆脱贫困。
If I should be as knowledgeable as him,I Acould be selected someday
如果我像他一样知识渊博，终有一天我能被选上
2.虚拟条件句的倒装
由连词IF引导的虚拟条件句常可以倒装，意在加强语气，多用于正式文体中。即条件句中省略If，把were ，had 或 should移到主语前面.
Examples:
Were she in good health ,she would do it on her own.
如果她身体好的话，她会亲自干的。
Had he known her telephone number ,he would have called her.
如果他知道她的电话号码，他早给她去电话了
Should you be more careful I would be grateful
你如果再细心点儿，我会很感激的。
3虚拟条件句用于错综时间
错综时间指从句和主句的动作不是发生在同一时间。因此，主句和从句的谓语动词需根据语义采用不同的谓语形式：
If they had studied hard befor ,they could do it easily now.
如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干得变会容易些
If he had taken my advice that day ,he would do it much better now.
如果他那天听了我的建议，他现在会干得好得多
If you hadn't called me ,I wouldn't be here.
如果你没有叫我，我也不会在这儿
If you had taken his advice yesterday ,you should know what to do now.
如果你昨天接受建议，你现在就知道该怎么做了。
英语有两种条件句：真实条件句和非真实条件句。真实条件句表示所说的话完全可以成为真实，其谓语动词用陈述语气；非真实条件句表示所说的话实现的可能性极小或与事实相反，其谓语动词用虚拟语气。这种带有虚拟语气的非真实条件句 叫作虚拟条件句，虚拟条件句根据时间概念分为以下三种：
1.1对现在的假设
用于叙述与现在事实相反的情况。句型为：If +主语+were/过去式，主语+should(would ,could might)+动词原形.
Examples:
If I had a bike ,I would lend it to you.(如果我有自行车的话，我会借给你的）
If he were not so quiet ,I would like him better.（如果他不是这么安静的话，我会更喜欢他一些）
If I were them ,I would queue for over ten hours to get Beckham's sign too.（如果我是他们，我也会排10多个小时的队等贝克汉姆签名）
1.2对过去的假设
用于叙述与过去事实相反的情况。句型为：If +主语+had +过去分词，主语+should(would could might)+have+过去分词
Examples:
If you had got up earlier ,you could have caught the train(如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车）
If he had not been a sensible man ,he would have quarreled with her（如果他不是一个明智的人早和她吵起来了）
1.3 对将来的假设
用于表达将来实现的可能性不大假设。句型为：If+主语+should/过去式/were to +动词原型，主语+should(would could might)+动词原形.
Examples:
If I were to be a millionaire,I should make my hometown free from poverty.
如果我成为百万富翁的话，我一定让我的家乡摆脱贫困。
If I should be as knowledgeable as him,I Acould be selected someday
如果我像他一样知识渊博，终有一天我能被选上
2.虚拟条件句的倒装
由连词IF引导的虚拟条件句常可以倒装，意在加强语气，多用于正式文体中。即条件句中省略If，把were ，had 或 should移到主语前面.
Examples:
Were she in good health ,she would do it on her own.
如果她身体好的话，她会亲自干的。
Had he known her telephone number ,he would have called her.
如果他知道她的电话号码，他早给她去电话了
Should you be more careful I would be grateful
你如果再细心点儿，我会很感激的。
3虚拟条件句用于错综时间
错综时间指从句和主句的动作不是发生在同一时间。因此，主句和从句的谓语动词需根据语义采用不同的谓语形式：
If they had studied hard befor ,they could do it easily now.
如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干得变会容易些
If he had taken my advice that day ,he would do it much better now.
如果他那天听了我的建议，他现在会干得好得多
If you hadn't called me ,I wouldn't be here.
如果你没有叫我，我也不会在这儿
If you had taken his advice yesterday ,you should know what to do now.
如果你昨天接受建议，你现在就知道该怎么做了。
虚拟语气的特殊句型
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