美国移民当局表示，若美国大学和院校外籍学生所在学校因新冠疫情而改为纯线上授课，那么这些学生将无法再合法地留在美国。
全文共818个词，by Aime Williams in Washington
Foreign students at US universities and schools will no longer be eligible to stay in the country if their courses move fully online due to coronavirus, US immigration authorities said on Monday.
美国移民当局周一表示，如果美国大学和院校外籍学生所在学校因新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19，即2019冠状病毒病）而改为纯线上授课，那他们将无法再合法地留在美国。
Students holding visas for either academic or vocational courses that have moved fully online should either depart the country or transfer to a school with in-person teaching to “remain in lawful status”, US Immigration and Customs Enforcement said, adding that a failure to do this could result in deportation proceedings.
美国移民和海关执法局(US Immigration and Customs Enforcement)表示，持有美国F-1签证（学生要参加美国的学术项目）或M-1签证（学生要参加美国的非学术性或职业性课程）的学生，如果学校已转向纯线上授课，那么他们应当离开美国、或转入仍存在面授教学的学校，以“保持合法身份”。该局补充称，如未能遵守，这些学生可能会被驱逐出境。
The tightening of visa restrictions for foreign national students comes after the Trump administration suspended a range of different guest worker visas, affecting scientists, doctors, au pairs and some seasonal workers, among others. Mr Trump has also suspended green cards — which offer permanent residency — to respond to the millions of Americans who have lost their jobs as coronavirus damages the US economy.
在收紧针对国际学生的签证限制之前，特朗普(Trump)政府已宣布暂停发放部分不同类型的非移民工作签证，此举影响到了科技人员、医生、互惠生和一些季节性工人等群体。此外，特朗普还暂停发放提供永久居留权的绿卡，以帮助在新冠疫情冲击美国经济时丢掉了工作的数以百万计的美国人。
Restrictions on travel and a blockage in the visa issuance process caused by the closure of consulates and embassies overseas have already hit non-US students hoping to study at American universities, with many unable to travel.
美国出台的旅行限制，以及因领事馆和大使馆关闭而造成的签证发放程序受阻，已使得许多希望前往美国大学学习的外籍学生遭受打击，其中许多人无法前往美国。
Colleges and universities across the US have been grappling with how to safely return students to campus amid worries that moving too quickly could spark a fresh wave of infections.
美国各地的高校一直在努力解决如何让学生安全返校的问题，外界担心过快采取行动可能引发新一波的感染浪潮。
Earlier on Monday, several prominent universities announced they would try to teach academic subjects through online lectures and classes in the autumn term to avoid students gathering in person.
周一早些时候，美国几所知名大学宣布，它们将在今年秋季学期尝试通过在线讲座和在线课堂的方式教授学术性课程，以避免学生聚集在一起。
Harvard and Princeton universities said that they planned to reintroduce some students back to campus in the autumn, but many students would be offered online instruction.
哈佛大学(Harvard University)和普林斯顿大学(Princeton University)表示，计划让部分学生在秋季重返校园，但许多学生将接受线上教学。
Rutgers University in New Jersey also revealed plans to keep most courses online with exceptions made for lab work and other instruction that would “benefit from direct access to campus facilities”.
位于美国新泽西州的罗格斯大学(Rutgers University)也透露，计划是大部分课程进行采取网上授课，实验室项目和其他“受益于直接使用校园设施的”教学项目除外。因此越来越多留学生选择网课代修(wangke.lxws.net)完成网课。
Sharvari Dalal-Dheini of the American Immigration Lawyers Association said US immigration authorities had made the change “without any notice”, and “thrown these students’ lives into chaos and uncertainty”.
美国移民律师协会(American Immigration Lawyers Association)的沙瓦里•达拉尔-戴尼(Sharvari Dalal-Dheini)表示，美国移民当局在“没有事先通知”的情况下做出这一决定，“将这些学生的生活置于混乱和不确定性之中”。
“As schools are still working out how the fall semester will unfold, this now forces individuals to leave the United States even if they are pursuing and paying for a US degree,” said Ms Dalal-Dheini. “Not only does this impact the students, but it will also adversely impact universities and colleges that rely on these foreign students for innovation and financial stability.”
“由于各学校现在仍在研究秋季学期将如何展开，这迫使一些人离开美国，即使他们正在攻读美国学位并为此支付学费。”达拉尔-戴尼表示，“这不仅会对学生产生影响，也会对依赖这些国际学生进行创新并实现财务稳定的高校产生不利影响。”
Ted Mitchell, the president of the American Council on Education, a membership organisation for US colleges and universities, said the immigration guidance for students was “horrifying”, and that more clarity was needed.
美国高校会员组织“美国教育委员会”(American Council on Education)主席特德•米切尔(Ted Mitchell)表示，这项针对学生的移民指导“令人惊骇”，当局需要对此进行更多说明。
“Iron-clad federal rules are not the answer at this time of great uncertainty,” said Mr Mitchell. “Imagine a student who starts in-person classes at a college that physically reopens. If the college decides it must shift to remote instruction midway through the fall, this guidance could force the institution to tell that student to leave the United States and face an impossible return to another country that has closed its borders.”
“在这个充满不确定性的时刻，铁面无情的联邦规则并不是解决问题的办法。”米切尔表示，“想象一下，一名学生在一所重新开放的学院里开始接受面授教学，如果该学院在秋季学期中期决定必须转向远程教学，这项移民指导可能会迫使该学院要求这名学生离开美国，而学生会面临因另一国家封锁边境而无法返回该国的情况。”
The Harvard graduate student workers union said they found the rule change “incredibly concerning” and vowed to fight any deportations.
哈佛大学研究生工会表示，他们认为这项规定的变化“非常令人担忧”，并发誓要反对任何驱逐出境行为。
According to the Institute of International Education, there were nearly 1.1m international students in the US in the 2018-19 academic year, making up 5.5 per cent of the higher education population.
根据国际教育协会(Institute of International Education)的数据，在2018-19学年，美国有近110万名国际学生，其人数占美国高等教育人口的5.5%。
本文7月7日发布于FT中文网，英文原题为 US says foreign students must leave if classes go fully online
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