First listen and then answer the following question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Who, according to the author, are‘Fortune’s favoured children’?
A gifted American psychologist has said,‘Worry is a spasm of the emotion; the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go.’It is useless to argue with the mind in this condition. The stronger the will, the more futile the task. One can only gently insinuate something else into its convulsive grasp. And if this something else is rightly chosen, if it is really attended by the illumination of another field of interest, gradually, and often quite swiftly, the old undue grip relaxes and the process of recuperation and repair begins.
The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of the first importance to a public man. But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will. The growth of alternative mental interests is a long process. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed.
To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say:‘I will take an interest in this or that.’Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet get hardly any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death. It is no use offering the manual labourer, tired out with a hard week's sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon. It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or business man, who has beenworking or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.
As for the unfortunate people who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire----for them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional satiation. In vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom by mere clatter and motion. For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful path.
It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms. But Fortune's favoured children belong to the second class.
Their life is a natural harmony. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday,and ordinary holidays, when they come, are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vocation. Yet to both classes, the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.
Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using vocation(1.32).
Summary摘要
Drawing your information from lines 7-21(‘The cultivation… things at the weekend.’), summarize the author's views on cultivating a hobby. Do not write more than 90 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Your answer should be in one paragraph.
Composition作文
Write a composition of about 600 words on one of the following subjects:
1 Worry.
2 Your favourite hobby.
3 ‘Human beings are divided into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one.’(11.26-28) Which class, in your view, would it be preferable to belong to?
Key structures关键句型
A Complete the following sentences in any way you wish, then compare what you have written with the sentences in the passage:
1 It is useless to____(1.2)
2 It is no use____(1.13)
B Rewrite the sentences given below using the opening phrases provided.Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
1 It is of the first importance to a public man to cultivate a hobby and new forms of interest.
The cultivation____(11.7-8)
2 If one wishes to be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real.
To be____(11.12-13)
3 Not only do the long hours in the office or the factory bring with them the means of sustenance as their reward, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms.
The long hours____(11.28-30)
Special difficulties难点
A Study the following pairs of words and then write sentences of your own to bring out the difference.
1 late(1.13)----lately
The train arrived late.
We haven't seen you lately.
2 hardly(1.15)----hard(1.18)
He's so old now, he hardly works at all.
I'll pass the exam if I work hard.
3 alternative(1.33)----alternating
That's what we must do then, unless you have an alternative suggestion.
I visit my parents on alternating weekends.
B Use each of the following words figuratively in sentences of your own. Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
seeds(1.9);fruits(1.10);sweat(1.18).
C Use the following expressions in sentences of your own. Do not refer to the passage until you have completed the exercise: broadly speaking(1.16); as for(1.22); the former(1.28).
Multiple choice questions多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension理解
1 The only way to stop worrying is ____.
a．through an effort of the will
b．to become absorbed in some other activity
c．to let go whatever it is that's worrying you
d．relax until you recuperate
2 The cultivation of a hobby ____.
a．prevents you from being bored to death
b．can only occur over a long period of time
c．is particularly suitable for the professional or business man
d．is always a benefit
3 People who can spend as much money as they like ____.
a．are Fortune's favoured children
b．never feel bored
c．enjoy a life that is full of excitement
d．are truly unlucky
4 The people the writer admires most are those who ____,
a．can spend their entire lives on holiday
b．don't distinguish between work and pleasure
c．are rational, industrious and useful
d．work hard and can therefore enjoy their leisure
Structure句型
5 It's no use____ with the mind in this condition.(1.2)
a．in arguing
b．argue
c．to argue
d．arguing
6 The seeds____ carefully chosen.(1.9)
a．have to be
b．should be
c．were probably
d．are probably
7 Human beings may be divided into three classes: ____who are…(1.16)
a．that
b．the ones
c．the which
d．them
8 The long hours in the office bring with them____ the means of sustenance ____a keen appetite for pleasure.(11.28-29)
a．not only… and
b．either… or
c．both… and
d．and…and
Vocabulary 词汇
9 The stronger the will the more____ the task.(1.3)
a．elaborate
b．desirable
c．fertile
d．pointless
10 The seeds must be sedulously____(11.9-10)
a．cared for
b．grown
c．watered
d．followed
11 A manual labourer works with____(1.17)
a．his firm
b．his hands
c．machines
d．his mind
12 It may be said that rational, _____, useful human beings…(1.26)
