近日,“中国人取外号”火了。甚至,不少网友调侃:中国人取外号可以申请非遗。

只有起错的名字,没有起错的外号。“大头”“四眼”“豆芽菜”……谁上学时没给别人/被取过外号?
Giving nicknames has become so popular in China that some netizens jokingly suggest it be recognized as an intangible cultural heritage.
Nearly every Chinese person has either given or received a nickname during their school years.




相较于同学间的玩闹,给老师取外号更像是一种“暗号”。有些老师的外号,还会在一届届学生中口口相传:
Unlike the playful names exchanged among classmates, nicknames for teachers are more like secret codes, often passed down through generations of students.





你以为只有学生才会给人起外号?大人们也没闲着!





朋友脱单带对象“入伙”,新人进圈标配,就是获得一个外号:




甚至,取外号的习惯,上班后也改不了:





某种程度上,亲近的“外号”会成为熟人社交中建立情感纽带的一种独特仪式。
当一个亲切或幽默的绰号被双方自然接纳时,往往也意味着关系已从疏离的“生人模式”进入了轻松的“熟人频道”。
那些只有我们才懂的“外号”,成为了你我之间独一无二的暗码,同样也构成了往后重逢时彼此调侃、细细回味的独家注脚。
Adults, however, are no less creative. When a friend brings a new partner into the group, getting a nickname is practically a rite of passage. Even in the workplace, the habit persists. In a way, an affectionate or humorous nickname serves as a unique ritual that transforms a formal acquaintance into a close friend. These private nicknames become exclusive inside jokes and cherished memories, often revisited during reunions.

但是,关于“取外号”,这里也要提醒大家:揶揄打趣的前提是充分考虑他人的感受。社交有度,尊重他人,永远是我们建立良好人际关系、营造友善氛围的底线。
That said, a word of caution: the fun of teasing others should never come at the expense of their feelings. Respect and sensitivity remain the bottom line for building healthy relationships and fostering a friendly social atmosphere.

nickname背后的故事
说起“外号(nickname)”,在英语中,这个词的背后还有一段阴差阳错的故事呢!
Nickname一词源于中古英语的复合词ekename,意为“额外的名字”。这个词与古英语词ēac(意为“也”)及派生词ēacian(意为“增加”)同属一个词源家族。
到了15世纪,由于人们对短语an ekename的音节进行错误切分,此后,拼写逐渐发生变化,最终演变为我们今天所熟知的nickname。
尽管拼写几经演变,但该词所指——正式姓名以外的附加称呼,词义从定型后便沿用至今。

与name相关的英文表达
下面这些与“name”相关的英文表达,你知道吗?
big name ≠ 大名
其实,big name真正的意思是:大人物;知名人士。
例句:
Michael Jackson is a big name in the music business.
迈克尔·杰克逊是音乐界的大人物。
pet name ≠ 宠物名
许多家长都喜欢给自家宝宝起一个小名。那你知道“小名”用英语怎么说吗?很简单,就是:pet name 小名;乳名;爱称。
例句:
Don't call me by my pet name, I'm 15 years old!
别叫我小名了,我今年15岁啦!

good name ≠ 好名字
good name的意思是:好名声。
例句:
He told the police he didn't know her, to protect her good name.
为了维护她的好名声,他对警察说他不认识她。
A good name is sooner lost than won.
美名难得而易失。
in name only
in name only的意思是“挂名的;名义上,有名无实”。
例句:
He's an actor in name only.
他不过是有名无实的演员罢了。

你还听过哪些印象深刻的外号?欢迎评论区留言分享。
来源:外研社Unipus
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