The super rich are people with over $30 million US dollars of assets.
超级富豪是拥有超过 3000 万美元资产的人。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
Assets are things we can own and sell – like property, boats and private planes.
资产是我们可以拥有和出售的东西，例如财产、船只和私人飞机。
Neil(尼尔)
Expensive toys. First things first, let's do our question, Catherine. In which country is the percentage of super rich expected to grow fastest over the next 10 years? a) China b) Brazil c) Vietnam?
I'm going to go for Vietnam. I think, that's an up and coming country and I think there is going to be a lot of growth in wealth in the future.
我要去越南。我认为，这是一个新兴的国家，我认为未来财富将有很大的增长。
Neil(尼尔)
Ok, well we'll find out if you are right or wrong later. The number of super rich are expected to increase by 43% over the next decade.
好的，我们稍后会知道你是对还是错。预计未来十年超级富豪的数量将增加 43%。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
Now, this doesn't mean income is rising at the same speed for everyone. You might remember a report last year which said the world's richest 62 individuals owned as much as the poorest 50% of people in the whole world.
So, my question is – what on earth do people with so much money spend it on?
所以，我的问题是 —— 有这么多钱的人到底把钱花在什么地方？
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
One academic in the UK has been researching just that. And her answer is …, Neil?
英国的一位学者一直在研究这个问题。她的回答是......，尼尔？
Neil(尼尔)
Yachts! A yacht – a luxury boat used for pleasure. The ultimate status symbol – that is, an item which allows you to show off your wealth and position in society.
游艇！游艇 – 用于娱乐的豪华船。终极身份象征 – 即让您炫耀财富和社会地位的物品。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
Let's listen to Emma Spence from Cardiff University in the UK. What's so unusual about yachts?
让我们听听来自英国卡迪夫大学的 Emma Spence 的演讲。游艇有什么不寻常之处？
Emma Spence, PhD researcher, Cardiff University(EmmaSpence，卡迪夫大学博士研究员)
If you have an exclusive wine collection or art collection or even the purchase of a business jet – these are investable assets – something that you can retain value on or accrue value on. A business jet, a private jet, can cut costs – and make businesses more convenient by running faster, more comfortably than commercial airlines. So these purchases, they make good, sound business sense. Whereas a superyacht is essentially a black hole.
Before we get to the yacht, Emma talked about certain assets like planes and wine that made business sense.
在我们进入游艇之前，Emma 谈到了某些具有商业意义的资产，例如飞机和葡萄酒。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
Now, to make sense – is a phrase you'll be familiar with. So, if we say something makes business sense, it means ‘it's good for business’. But yachts are different.
Yachts, and especially what she calls superyachts, actually lose money. So much so, she calls a superyacht a black hole of wealth.
游艇，尤其是她所说的超级游艇，实际上是赔钱的。以至于她将超级游艇称为财富黑洞。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
A black hole, in scientific terms, is a place where gravity is so strong that nothing can escape – not even light. So, in business terms, a black hole eats all your money!
It's also used conversationally to mean ‘a place where things go missing’.
它在会话中也用于表示“东西丢失的地方”。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
These superyachts are big. The world's longest is 180m in length. And they require a professional crew. Which is how Emma began her study – she used to work on the yachts.
这些超级游艇很大。世界上最长的有 180 米长。他们需要专业的工作人员。这就是 Emma 开始学习的原因 —— 她曾经在游艇上工作。
Neil(尼尔)
She's now spent six years studying the world of superyachts and the super rich.
她现在花了六年时间研究超级游艇和超级富豪的世界。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
So, what else did she learn?
那么，她还学到了什么呢？
Neil(尼尔)
She says that in the world of the super rich – the size of your yacht shows your place in the pecking order.
她说，在超级富豪的世界里 —— 你的游艇的大小显示了你在啄食顺序中的位置。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
The pecking order means ‘the social system from most powerful to least powerful’.
啄食顺序的意思是“从最强大到最不强大的社会制度”。
Neil(尼尔)
If you're higher up in the yachting pecking order, you get the best place in the harbour. Which is very important to yacht owners, apparently.
如果您在游艇啄食顺序中排名靠前，您将获得港口中最好的位置。显然，这对游艇所有者来说非常重要。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
Apparently, so. It's all about seeing and being seen. You could actually say that yachts are the ultimate form of conspicuous consumption. Now that's another great term – conspicuous means ‘visible or noticeable’ and consumption means ‘spending’. So, the phrase conspicuous consumption refers to the kind of buying you do so that other people notice your money.
Before we sail off into the sunset Catherine, how about we answer today's question.
在我们驶向日落之前，凯瑟琳，我们来回答今天的问题怎么样。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
I said that Vietnam is the country in which the percentage of super rich is expected to grow fastest over the next 10 years.
我说过，越南是预计未来 10 年超级富豪比例增长最快的国家。
Neil(尼尔)
Well, I'm very pleased to say that you were right. It was in fact Vietnam – according to the same report by Knight Frank – the population of ultra wealthy is expected to grow by a staggering 170% in the next decade.
Now, how about we have another look at the wealth of vocabulary in this programme?
现在，我们再看看这个程序中的词汇财富怎么样？
Neil(尼尔)
Very good. We started with assets – here it means ‘things we can buy or sell’. What are your assets?
非常好。我们从资产开始 —— 这里的意思是“我们可以购买或出售的东西”。您的资产是什么？
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
Oh, you know, my diamond rings, my bike, my laptop. I'm not like you though Neil, I don't live in an expensive mansion – that would be a real status symbol!
If only that were true, but it's a good example. A status symbol is a possession that shows off our wealth and our place in society.
如果这是真的就好了，但这是个好例子。身份象征是炫耀我们的财富和社会地位的财产。
Catherine(凯瑟琳)
Yes, and we had the phrase to make business sense – in other words to be good for business. We could also say that a particular policy makes economic sense.
是的，我们有一句话要有商业意义 —— 换句话说，对业务有利。我们也可以说某项特定政策具有经济意义。
Neil(尼尔)
Or I could say investing wisely makes financial sense. Not like yachts which are expensive to buy and run. In fact, they're a black hole for our money.
Now, did you know our next phrase, pecking order, actually comes from chicken behaviour?
现在，您知道我们的下一个短语 Peking order 实际上来自鸡的行为吗？
Neil(尼尔)
And finally, the phrase conspicuous consumption. For example, you could say that dining at the finest restaurants wearing expensive clothes is conspicuous consumption.
And to clear up two similar phrases: a status symbol refers to the object itself, like a luxury car; whereas conspicuous consumption refers to the act of spending money on things like expensive cars but you're spending money so that other people notice.
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