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【BBC六分钟英语】你怎么学说一门新语言?

发布者: xkai2000 | 发布时间: 2025-1-22 22:58| 查看数: 77| 评论数: 1|




(点击右边的三个点,可以下载音频和调整播放速度)

Rob(罗伯)

Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English – the show that brings you an interesting topic, authentic listening practice and vocabulary to help you improve your language skills. I'm Rob…

您好,欢迎来到六分钟英语 - 该节目为您带来有趣的话题、真实的听力练习和词汇,帮助您提高语言技能。我是 罗伯...

Neil(尼尔)

Watashi no namae wa Neil desu. And that means 'my name's Neil'.

Watashi no namae wa Neil desu.这意味着'我叫 Neil'。

Rob(罗伯)

So Neil, here's a question for you – can you speak any languages other than English of course? I think you can!

所以 Neil,这里有一个问题要问你 —— 你当然会说英语以外的其他语言吗?我想你可以!

Neil(尼尔)

Un poco de español that means a little bit of Spanish. Some Japanese, which I tried at the beginning and also a bit of Czech language - Dobrý den, jak se máš?

Un poco de español 的意思是一点点西班牙语。一些日语,我一开始尝试了一下,还有一点捷克语 - Dobrý den, jak se máš?

Rob(罗伯)

Very impressive. So what tips can you give for learning to speak another language?

非常令人印象深刻。那么,您可以提供哪些学习说另一种语言的提示呢?

Neil(尼尔)

Well, practise, practise, practise – and don't be afraid of making mistakes as I no doubt have.

好吧,练习,练习,练习 —— 不要害怕犯错误,因为我无疑已经犯了错误。

Rob(罗伯)

Of course. Well my aim this year is to master the Spanish language. Master means to learn thoroughly.

答案是肯定的。嗯,我今年的目标是掌握西班牙语。师父的意思是学得透彻。

Neil(尼尔)

Muy bien! Well you're not alone. A survey by the British Council found learning a language is a new year's resolution for about one in five Britons in 2018. So learning Spanish is a good start Rob but do you know approximately how many languages there are in the world altogether? Are there… a) 70; b) 700 c) 7,000.

Muy bien!好吧,你并不孤单。英国文化协会 7,000。

Rob(罗伯)

Well I know there are many but surely not 7,000 so I'm going to say b) 700 – but don't expect me to learn all of them.

嗯,我知道有很多,但肯定不是 7,000 个,所以我要说 b) 700 个 – 但不要指望我能学到所有。

Neil(尼尔)

I won't Rob. But I will give you the answer later. So, we all know learning another language is a good thing – it brings us many benefits.

我不会抢劫。但我稍后会给你答案。所以,我们都知道学习另一种语言是一件好事 —— 它给我们带来了很多好处。

Rob(罗伯)

Yes, we can communicate with people from other countries and when we're travelling we can understand what signs and notices say. So we don't get lost.

是的,我们可以与来自其他国家的人交流,当我们旅行时,我们可以理解标志和通知的内容。这样我们就不会迷路。

Neil(尼尔)

That's right – but many scientists also believe that knowledge of another language can boost your brainpower. A study of monolingual and bilingual speakers suggests speaking two languages can help slow down the brain's decline with age.

没错 —— 但许多科学家也认为,了解另一种语言可以提高你的脑力。一项针对单语和双语使用者的研究表明,说两种语言有助于减缓大脑随着年龄的增长而退化。

Rob(罗伯)

All good reasons. But Neil, learning another language is hard. It would take me years and years to become fluent in say, Mandarin – by fluent I mean speak very well, without difficulty.

都是很好的理由。但是 Neil,学习另一种语言很困难。我花了很多年的时间才能说一口流利的普通话 —— 我说的流利是指说得非常好,没有困难。

Neil(尼尔)

Well this depends on your mother tongue. In general, the closer the second language is to the learner's native tongue and culture in terms of vocabulary, sounds or sentence structure - the easier it will be to learn.

嗯,这取决于你的母语。一般来说,第二语言在词汇、发音或句子结构方面越接近学习者的母语和文化 - 就越容易学习。

Rob(罗伯)

But whatever the language, there is so much vocabulary to learn – you know, thousands and thousands of words.

但无论使用哪种语言,都需要学习很多词汇 - 你知道,成千上万的单词。

Neil(尼尔)

Maybe not Rob. Professor Stuart Webb, a linguist from the University of Western Ontario, may be able to help you. He spoke to BBC Radio 4's More or Less programme and explained that you don't need to do that…

也许不是 罗伯。来自西安大略大学的语言学家 Stuart Webb 教授或许能为您提供帮助。他在 BBC Radio 4 的 More or Less 节目中解释说,你不需要这样做......

Professor Stuart Webb, linguist, University of Western Ontario(Stuart Webb 教授,西安大略大学语言学家)

For language learners in a foreign language setting – so for example if you were learning French in Britain or English in Japan, students may often really struggle to learn more than 2,000, 3,000 words after many years of study. So for example, there was study in Taiwan recently that showed that after nine years of study about half of the students had still failed to learn the most frequent 1,000 words. Now they knew lower frequency words but they hadn't mastered those most important words.

对于外语环境中的语言学习者 - 例如,如果你在英国学习法语或在日本学习英语,学生在多年学习后可能真的很难学习超过 2,000 到 3,000 个单词。例如,最近在台湾进行的一项研究表明,经过 9 年的学习,大约一半的学生仍然未能学习最常见的 1,000 个单词。现在他们知道低频的单词,但他们还没有掌握那些最重要的单词。

Neil(尼尔)

So Rob, don't waste your time trying to learn every single word. Professor Webb spoke there about research that showed students knew lower frequency words but weren't learning enough high frequency words.

所以 罗伯,不要浪费时间去学习每一个单词。Webb 教授在那里谈到了一项研究表明,学生知道低频词,但没有学到足够的高频词。

Rob(罗伯)

Right, and frequency here means the number of times something happens – so the important words to learn are the high frequency ones – and how many are there exactly?

是的,这里的频率是指某件事发生的次数 —— 所以要学习的重要词是高频词 —— 到底有多少个?

Neil(尼尔)

Here's Professor Stuart Webb again…

又来了 Stuart Webb 教授......

Professor Stuart Webb, linguist, University of Western Ontario(Stuart Webb 教授,西安大略大学语言学家)

For example, with English, I would suggest if you learn the 800 most frequent lemmas – which is a word and its inflections – that will account for about 75 per cent of all of the English language. So that learning those 800 words first will provide the foundation for which you may be able to learn the lower frequency words.

例如,对于英语,我建议你学习 800 个最常见的词元 —— 这是一个词及其屈折变化 —— 这将占所有英语的 75% 左好的。因此,首先学习这 800 个单词将为你能够学习低频单词奠定基础。

Rob(罗伯)

Fascinating stuff. And good to know I just need to learn about 800 words – or what he calls lemmas.

迷人的东西。很高兴知道我只需要学习大约 800 个单词 —— 或者他所说的词元。

Neil(尼尔)

Yes a lemma is the simplest form or base form of a word. And the inflection here refers to how the base word is changed according to its use in a sentence. Knowing these things give you a foundation – the basics from which you language learning will develop. Simple!

是的,词元是单词的最简单形式或基本形式。这里的屈折变化是指基本词如何根据它在句子中的用法而改变。了解这些事情可以为您提供一个基础 - 您的语言学习将在此基础上发展。简单!

Rob(罗伯)

Thank goodness I am learning just one new language!

谢天谢地,我只学了一门新语言!

Neil(尼尔)

But how many languages could you potentially be learning Rob? Earlier I asked you, approximately how many languages there are in the world altogether? Are there… a) 70; b) 700 c) 7,000.

但是你可能会学习多少种语言 罗伯?之前我问你,世界上总共大约有多少种语言?有吗。。。a) 70;b) 700 c) 7,000。

Rob(罗伯)

And I said 700. Was I right?

我说 700 个。我是对的吗?

Neil(尼尔)

No Rob, you were wrong. There are around 7,000 recognised languages in the world but UNESCO has identified 2,500 languages which it claims are at risk of extinction.

不,罗伯,你错了。世界上大约有 7,000 种公认的语言,但联合国教科文组织已经确定了 2,500 种声称面临灭绝风险的语言。

Rob(罗伯)

A sobering thought Neil. Now shall we remind ourselves of some of the English vocabulary we've heard today. Starting with master.

尼尔发人深省地想。现在让我们提醒自己今天听到的一些英语词汇。从 master 开始。

Neil(尼尔)

To master a new skill, in this context, means to learn thoroughly or learn well. 'Rob hopes to master Spanish before he starts a new job in Madrid.'.

在这种情况下,掌握一项新技能意味着彻底学习或学得好。“罗伯 希望在马德里开始新工作之前先掌握西班牙语。”

Rob(罗伯)

That's news to me Neil! But it would be good to be fluent in Spanish – or any language – or to speak it fluently – that's speaking it well and without difficulty.

这对我来说是个新闻,尼尔!但是,能说流利的西班牙语或任何语言,或者说得流利,就是说得好,没有困难,那就太好了。

Neil(尼尔)

Now our next word was frequency. Here we are referring to high and low frequency words – so it means how often they occur. Examples of a high frequency word are 'it', 'the' and 'and'.

现在我们的下一个词是频率。这里我们指的是高频和低频词 —— 所以它指的是它们出现的频率。高频词的例子是 'it'、'the' 和 'and'。

Rob(罗伯)

And our next word is inflections. These are the changes to the basic form of words according to their function in a sentence. Such as adding an 's' to the end of a word to make it plural.

我们的下一个词是 inflections。这些是根据单词在句子中的功能对单词基本形式的更改。例如在单词末尾添加 's' 以使其成为复数形式。

Neil(尼尔)

And don't forget lemma which is the simplest form or base form of a word before an inflection is added.

别忘了 lemma,这是在添加屈折变化之前单词的最简单形式或基本形式。

Rob(罗伯)

And finally foundation which means the basics your learning grows from.

最后是基础,这意味着您的学习基础。

Neil(尼尔)

That just leaves me to remind you that you can learn English with us at bbclearningenglish.com. That's it for today's 6 Minute English. We hope you enjoyed it. Bye for now. Na shledanou. Hasta luego. Ja-ne.

我只是想提醒您,您可以在 bbclearningenglish.com 上与我们一起学习英语。这就是今天的六分钟英语。我们希望您喜欢它。再见。Na shledanou.Hasta luego.Ja-ne.

Rob(罗伯)

And in English, goodbye.

用英语来说,再见。

Neil(尼尔)

Goodbye.

再见。

最新评论

jimmy0375 发表于 2025-1-23 13:37:19
持续学习,不断进步。
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