Lesson 50    Tanken for a ride

ride/trip/travel/tour/journey/sightseeing/voyage/flight

1.whom,when,what,how,where,whether,which+to 不定式，构成特殊结构，该结构在句子中一般作宾语。

They don't know whom to send.

She couldn't decide when to set off.

I wonder who to invite.

Can you tell me how to get to the station.

Show us what to do.

I don't know whether to answer his letter or not.

2.   In front of   and   In the front of

In front of 指在某一物体外的前面，其反义词为 behind;

In the front of指某一物体里的前部分，有时用 ata the front of,其反义词为 at the back of;

The man is sitting in the front of the car(with the driver)

The man is sitting in front of the car

I sat in the front of the bus(=i was in the bus)

I sat in front of the bus(=i was outside the bus)

3.  as far as( so far as) 表示“远到，直到....为止”；（表范围，程度）就......，尽.....。

He went as far as the door.

The fire spread as far as the park.   spread-v 传播，展开，fire spread-火势蔓延

I‘ll help you as/so far as i can.

He has no brothers as /so far as i know.

4.  a)prefer sth.to sth.表示“宁要....而不要” to 是介词；

which would you prefer, tea or coffer?

I'd prefer reading to watching TV.

He prefer cats to dogs.

b)prefer to do rather than do,表示“宁愿干....不愿干；

He prefers to write his letters rather than dictate them.  dictate-v 口述

She would prefer to come with you rather than stay here.

 

Key structures

有很多动词不能又能够与进行时，还有一部分动词表示某种含义时不用于进行时。这类动词在语法上被称为“静态动词”。

1. 有关愿望以及喜怒哀乐等感情的动词：

dislike,  hate,  detest,  like,  love,  prefer,  want,  wish,  desire,  astonish,  impress,  please,  satisfy, surprise,  amuse, etc.

2. 有关心理状态（如持有某种看法）的动词：

believe,  doubt,  feel,  guess,  imagine,  know,  mean,  realize,  recognize,   remember,   suppose,  think,  hope,   mind.

3. 有关感觉和度量衡方面的动词：

notice, hear, see,  taste, smell,  sound, measure(长、高）， weigh（重），

4. 有关情况，状态和所有权方面的动词：

belong to,  concern,  consist of, contain, depend on, deserve,  include,   lack,   matter,  need,    want(=need），owe,  own,   possess;

5. 有关外貌形象方面的动词：

appear,  resemble,  seem,   look(like),  take after;

The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

I desire happiness.

He dislike big city.

It doesn't matter.

I think you are right.   

What are you thinking  about?

I'm feeling fine.

Many people feel she is sure to succeed.

Why are you smelling the meat.

The meat smells bad.

 

Special  Difficulties

A: lose,loose,miss

1. lose 表示“丢失，失去：，其名词形式为 loss:

to lose one's way;  lose one's footing(站得不稳）；  lose one's sight(失明）；   lose one's memory;  lose one's patience;

lose one's voice;  lose one's temper;  lose consciousness/hope/heart/interest.

2.  loose-adj 送的，未绑的

I have one hand loose but the other is tied.

3. miss 想念；赶不上，耽误

I’ll be missing you.

He arrived at the railway station late, so he missed his train.

I missed the first ten minutes of the film.

B. expect   and  wait for

expect 是心理状态， wait for 是一种活动

C. take表示 需要，花费（时间），有三种句型

1. 主语可以是人，即  某人+take +一段时间+to do.

I  took three hours to get home last night.

She took ten years to complete the novel.

Bartholdi took ten years to complete the statue.

2. 主语可以是一次活动，即 活动+take(+某人）+一段时间

The journey took me three hours.

Painting the kitchen took me all week.

3. 主语可以用it 代替不定式，即 it+take（+某人）+一段时间+to do:

It took me three hours to get home last night.

It took her longer than she expected to get a passport.

It takes ages to do the shopping.